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Home / Equine Research Bank / Eur J Appl Physiol / Hyperhydration prior to a simulated second day of the 3-day ...
European journal of applied physiology2006; 97(4); 462-470; doi: 10.1007/s00421-006-0191-z

Hyperhydration prior to a simulated second day of the 3-day moderate intensity equestrian competition does not cause arterial hypoxemia in Thoroughbred horses.

Abstract: Dehydration and the associated impairment of cardiovascular and thermoregulatory function comprise major veterinary problems in horses performing prolonged exercise, particularly under hot and humid conditions. For these reasons, there is considerable interest in using pre-exercise hyperhydration to help maintain blood volume in the face of the excessive fluid loss associated with sweat production during prolonged exertion. However, recently it was reported that pre-exercise hyperhydration causes arterial hypoxemia in horses performing moderate intensity exercise simulating the second day of an equestrian 3-day event competition (E3DEC) which may adversely affect performance (Sosa Leon et al. in Equine Vet J Suppl 34:425-429, 2002). These findings are contrary to data from horses performing short-term maximal exertion, wherein hyperhydration did not affect arterial O2 tension/saturation. Thus, our objective in the present study was to examine the impact of pre-exercise hyperhydration on arterial oxygenation of Thoroughbred horses performing an exercise test simulating the second day of an E3DEC. Control and hyperhydration studies were carried out on seven healthy Thoroughbred horses in random order, 7 days apart. In the control study, horses received no medications. In the hyperhydration experiments, nasogastric administration of NaCl (0.425 g/kg) 5 h pre-exercise induced a plasma volume expansion of 10.9% at the initiation of exercise. This methodology for inducing hypervolemia was different from that of Sosa Leon et al. (2002). Blood-gas tensions/pH as well as plasma protein, hemoglobin and blood lactate concentrations were measured pre-exercise and during the exercise test. Our data revealed that pre-exercise hyperhydration neither adversely affected arterial O2 tension nor hemoglobin-O2 saturation at any time during the exercise test simulating the second day of an E3DEC. Further, it was observed that arterial blood CO2 tension, pH, and blood lactate concentrations also were not affected by pre-exercise hyperhydration. However, hemodilution in hyperhydrated horses caused an attenuation of the expansion in the arterial to mixed-venous blood O2 content gradient during phases B and D of the exercise protocol, which was likely offset by an increase in cardiac output. It is concluded that pre-exercise hyperhydration of horses induced in the manner described above is not detrimental to arterial oxygenation of horses performing an exercise test simulating the second day of an E3DEC.
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Publication Date: 2006-05-10 PubMed ID: 16685549DOI: 10.1007/s00421-006-0191-zGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

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The research examines the impact of pre-exercise hyperhydration on oxygen levels in the blood of Thoroughbred horses during a simulated second day of a moderate intensity equestrian competition. The findings suggest that hyperhydration before exercise does not trigger arterial hypoxemia, a condition characterized by lower levels of oxygen in the blood, or negatively affect other blood aspects.

Methodology

  • The study involved seven healthy Thoroughbred horses, subjected to control and hyperhydration experiments in random order, with a 7-day gap between each trial.
  • In the control study, the horses were not given any medication, while in the hyperhydration experiment, the horses were administered a sodium chloride solution through the nose, leading to around 10.9% increase in plasma volume at the start of the exercise. Notably, this method of inducing hypervolemia was different from that used by Sosa Leon et al., 2002.
  • Blood-gas tensions/pH levels were measured along with levels of plasma protein, hemoglobin and blood lactate, pre-exercise, and during the course of the exercise.

Findings

  • The findings indicated that pre-exercise hyperhydration did not negatively affect arterial oxygen tension or hemoglobin-oxygen saturation at any point during the simulated event.
  • The study also found no effect of hyperhydration on arterial blood CO2 tension, pH, and blood lactate levels.
  • However, hyperhydration led to hemodilution, weakening the expansion of the oxygen gradient between arterial and mixed-venous blood during certain phases of the exercise. This drawback was likely counteracted by an increase in cardiac output.

Conclusion

  • The research concluded that pre-exercise hyperhydration of horses in the manner described is not detrimental to arterial oxygenation when performing an exercise test simulating the second day of a moderate intensity equestrian competition.

The results provide valuable insights into equine health management, specifically in scenarios of prolonged exertion, providing a counter-argument to previously reported risks of induced hyperhydration.

Cite This Article

APA
Tennent-Brown BS, Goetz TE, Manohar M, Hassan AS, Freeman DE, Bundy JS, Evans MR. (2006). Hyperhydration prior to a simulated second day of the 3-day moderate intensity equestrian competition does not cause arterial hypoxemia in Thoroughbred horses. Eur J Appl Physiol, 97(4), 462-470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-006-0191-z

Publication

European journal of applied physiology
ISSN: 1439-6319
NlmUniqueID: 100954790
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 97
Issue: 4
Pages: 462-470

Researcher Affiliations

Tennent-Brown, B S
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1008 West Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, 61802, USA.
Goetz, T E
    Manohar, M
      Hassan, A S
        Freeman, D E
          Bundy, J S
            Evans, M R

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Blood Gas Analysis / veterinary
              • Body Temperature / drug effects
              • Drinking / drug effects
              • Exercise Test / veterinary
              • Heart Rate / drug effects
              • Hemoglobins / metabolism
              • Horse Diseases / etiology
              • Horses / blood
              • Horses / physiology
              • Hypoxia / etiology
              • Hypoxia / veterinary
              • Oxygen / blood
              • Physical Conditioning, Animal
              • Plasma Volume / drug effects
              • Plasma Volume / veterinary
              • Sodium Chloride / administration & dosage
              • Sodium Chloride / pharmacology
              • Time Factors

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