Identification of a Novel Equine Papillomavirus in Semen from a Thoroughbred Stallion with a Penile Lesion.
Abstract: Papillomaviruses (PVs) have been identified in a wide range of animal species and are associated with a variety of disease syndromes including classical papillomatosis, aural plaques, and genital papillomas. In horses, 13 PVs have been described to date, falling into six genera. Using total RNA sequencing (meta-transcriptomics) we identified a novel equine papillomavirus in semen taken from a thoroughbred stallion suffering a genital lesion, which was confirmed by nested RT-PCR. We designate this novel virus (EcPV9). The complete 7656 bp genome of EcPV9 exhibited similar characteristics to those of other horse papillomaviruses. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated E1-E2-L2-L1 amino acid sequences revealed that EcPV9 clustered with EcPV2, EcPV4, and EcPV5, although was distinct enough to represent a new viral species within the genus (69.35%, 59.25%, and 58.00% nucleotide similarity to EcPV2, EcPV4, and EcPV5, respectively). In sum, we demonstrate the presence of a novel equine papillomavirus for which more detailed studies of disease association are merited.
Publication Date: 2019-08-04 PubMed ID: 31382657PubMed Central: PMC6723834DOI: 10.3390/v11080713Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
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Summary
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The research paper outlines the discovery of a new papillomavirus in horses. The virus, designated as EcPV9, was identified in the semen of a thoroughbred stallion suffering from a genital lesion.
Identification of the Novel Equine Papillomavirus
- The researchers identified the novel equine papillomavirus (EcPV9) in a thoroughbred stallion with a genital lesion using total RNA sequencing, a technique used to identify changes in gene expression and genetic coding.
- The presence of the virus was confirmed with additional testing using nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a method used to amplify small amounts of RNA to make it easier to detect and analyze.
Genome Analysis
- The full genome of the EcPV9 was 7656 base pairs long and showed similar characteristics to other known equine papillomaviruses. This helped to establish the virus as part of the same viral family.
- Phylogenetic analysis, which shows the evolutionary relationships between different species, was performed on the E1-E2-L2-L1 amino acid sequences of the virus. This was done to understand the relationship of EcPV9 to previously known papillomaviruses in horses.
Positioning within the Genus
- Upon analysis, it was found that EcPV9 grouped closely with EcPV2, EcPV4, and EcPV5, which are other papillomaviruses found in horses. However, its unique characteristics allowed it to be classified as a new viral species within the same genus.
- The similarities at the nucleotide level to EcPV2, EcPV4, and EcPV5 were 69.35%, 59.25%, and 58.00% respectively, reinforcing its identity as a separate viral species.
Future Studies
- The researchers suggest that further detailed studies are needed to understand the disease association of this new equine papillomavirus. There is a need to understand the clinical implications and potential health risk the virus may pose to horses and to potentially develop any necessary preventive or treatment strategies.
Cite This Article
APA
Li CX, Chang WS, Mitsakos K, Rodger J, Holmes EC, Hudson BJ.
(2019).
Identification of a Novel Equine Papillomavirus in Semen from a Thoroughbred Stallion with a Penile Lesion.
Viruses, 11(8), 713.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v11080713 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life & Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life & Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
- Vets & Veterinary Surgeons, Jerry Plains Veterinary Hospital, 10 Pagan Street, Jerry Plains, NSW 2330, Australia.
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life & Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. edward.holmes@sydney.edu.au.
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Breeding
- DNA, Viral / genetics
- Evolution, Molecular
- Genome, Viral / genetics
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses / virology
- Male
- Papillomaviridae / classification
- Papillomaviridae / genetics
- Papillomaviridae / isolation & purification
- Papillomavirus Infections / veterinary
- Papillomavirus Infections / virology
- Penis / pathology
- Penis / virology
- Phylogeny
- Semen / virology
- Species Specificity
- Viral Proteins / genetics
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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