Identification of mixed equine rhinitis B virus infections leading to further insight on the relationship between genotype, serotype and acid stability phenotype.
Abstract: Equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV) is the single species in the genus Erbovirus, family Picornaviridae. Equine rhinitis B viruses exist in three serotypes and are associated with respiratory disease in horses. Members of the species vary in stability at acid pH. To date there has been discordance in genotype, serotype and acid stability phenotype groupings. To identify capsid regions associated with acid stability, two viruses were serially treated at pH 3.3 to isolate acid-stable mutants. An acid-stable mutant of the prototype acid-labile serotype 1 virus contained a single amino acid change in the C-terminus of VP1. Similar treatment with a separate isolate identified a multiple ERBV serotype infection with acid-labile serotype 1 and acid-stable serotype 3. Dual infections were subsequently identified in original swabs taken from the infected horse and from two further cell culture passaged viruses originally isolated in Switzerland. Serotype specific rat antisera were produced and used to examine a collection of isolates from a range of genotypes, acid stability phenotypes and serotypes. In contrast to previous reports, we showed viruses previously classified as acid-stable serotype 1 are in fact serotype 3 and that there is a clear association of serotype with genotype and acid stability phenotype in ERBVs. Additionally, we have shown that ERBV capsids dissociate into pentamers in acidic conditions below their threshold of stability, similarly to closely related viruses in the same family.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2010-12-24 PubMed ID: 21185890DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.12.007Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article discusses the identification of mixed infections of equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV) in horses, providing further insights into the relation between virus genotype, serotype and acid stability phenotype.
About Equine Rhinitis B Virus (ERBV)
- The ERBV is the only species in the genus Erbovirus, which falls under the family of Picornaviridae.
- This virus exists in three different serotypes and is associated with respiratory diseases in horses.
- The members of this species demonstrate varying stability at acid pH levels.
Objective of the Research
- The researchers aimed to find a correlation between the ERBV’s genotype, serotype, and acid-stability phenotype.
- The research was also intended to identify capsid regions associated with acid stability.
Research Methodology
- The researchers treated two types of viruses at pH 3.3 in a serial manner to isolate acid-stable mutants.
- They then identified an acid-stable mutant of the prototype acid-labile serotype 1 virus, which showed a single amino acid change in the VP1’s C-terminus.
Findings of the Research
- The researchers discovered multiple ERBV serotype infection, including acid-labile serotype 1 and acid-stable serotype 3. Dual infections were identified in original samples from the infected horse.
- They also examined a collection of isolates, which represented a range of genotypes, acid-stability phenotypes, and serotypes, using serotype-specific rat antisera.
- The research contradicts previous reports suggesting that viruses earlier classified as acid-stable serotype 1 are actually serotype 3.
- The findings also demonstrate a clear correlation between the serotype, genotype, and acid-stability phenotype of ERBVs.
- Moreover, the study shows that ERBV capsids, similar to closely related viruses, dissociate into pentamers under acidic conditions falling below their stability threshold.
Cite This Article
APA
Horsington JJ, Gilkerson JR, Hartley CA.
(2010).
Identification of mixed equine rhinitis B virus infections leading to further insight on the relationship between genotype, serotype and acid stability phenotype.
Virus Res, 155(2), 506-513.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2010.12.007 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Animals
- Capsid Proteins / genetics
- Capsid Proteins / metabolism
- Cell Line
- Erbovirus / classification
- Erbovirus / genetics
- Erbovirus / immunology
- Genotype
- Horses
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation
- Phenotype
- Phylogeny
- Picornaviridae Infections / immunology
- Picornaviridae Infections / virology
- Rabbits
- Rats
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Stasiak K, Dunowska M, Rola J. Prevalence and Sequence Analysis of Equine Rhinitis Viruses among Horses in Poland. Viruses 2024 Jul 26;16(8).
- Woo PC, Lau SK, Choi GK, Huang Y, Wernery R, Joseph S, Wong EY, Elizabeth SK, Patteril NA, Li T, Wernery U, Yuen KY. Equine rhinitis B viruses in horse fecal samples from the Middle East. Virol J 2016 Jun 7;13:94.
- Lu Z, Timoney PJ, White J, Balasuriya UB. Development of one-step TaqMan® real-time reverse transcription-PCR and conventional reverse transcription-PCR assays for the detection of equine rhinitis A and B viruses. BMC Vet Res 2012 Jul 25;8:120.
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