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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Immunol Immunopathol / Immune parameters in mares resistant and susceptible to pers...
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology2007; 118(1-2); 30-39; doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.04.009

Immune parameters in mares resistant and susceptible to persistent post-breeding endometritis: effects of immunomodulation.

Abstract: Our objective was to characterize immune parameters in susceptible (SM) and resistant (RM) mares, with and without artificial insemination (AI) and immunomodulation. Eight RM and eight SM were selected based on their reproductive history and functional tests. Both groups of mares were evaluated during three consecutive cycles: Cycle 1, untreated cycle (control); Cycle 2, AI with dead semen; Cycle 3, AI with dead semen and immunomodulation. Endometrial biopsies were taken during the three cycles as follows: Cycle 1--at estrus, when follicles > or =35mm and at diestrus (7+/-1 days after ovulation); Cycle 2--at estrus 24h post-AI, and at diestrus; Cycle 3--at estrus 24h after treatment with a Mycobacterium phlei cell-wall extract (MCWE) and AI, and at diestrus. The mRNA transcription (mRNAT) of IL-8 and IL-10 were determined by real-time PCR. Image analysis of immunohistochemistry slides was performed using digital software (Image-Pro Plus v 5.0; Media Cybernetics); the percentage of stained area was determined for Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHC-II), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and T lymphocytes (TL) on each tissue section. In Cycle 1, SM had significantly higher MHC-II, TL, PMN and IL-8 than RM during estrus (P<0.006, P<0.0005, P<0.05, respectively), while transcription of IL-10 was significantly lower than in RM (P<0.0001). During diestrus, SM had higher levels of TL, PMN and IL-8 than RM (P<0.0001). After AI (Cycle 2), SM had higher levels of IL-8 and lower levels of IL-10 than RM at estrus and no differences were detected for MHC-II, TL and PMN positive cells. During diestrus in the same cycle, all the immune parameters were higher in SM mares (P<0.005, P<0.0004, P<0.0001, P<0.02, respectively). When MCWE was applied at the time of AI (Cycle 3), SM expressed significant higher levels of IL-10 24h after treatment (P<0.005), which were also higher than in the control Cycle 2 or after AI (Cycle 2). However, no significant differences were detected for MHC-II, lymphocytes-PMN or IL-8 between SM and RM during diestrus in Cycle 3. This study showed that SM had higher levels of all immune parameters except IL-10 than RM during Cycle 1. After AI (Cycle 2), the inflammatory condition persisted in SM but not RM mares until day 7 post-ovulation. Following treatment with MCWE at the time of AI (Cycle 3) uterine immunological changes in SM resulted in an endometrial immune environment similar to that found in normal RM.
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Publication Date: 2007-05-03 PubMed ID: 17559943DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.04.009Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Controlled Clinical Trial
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper focuses on assessing immune deviations in mares susceptible to a condition called persistent post-breeding endometritis (PPBE). The immune responses were gauged over three cycles: an untreated cycle, AI with dead semen, and AI with dead semen and immunomodulation. The study concluded that susceptible mares exhibited higher inflammatory conditions than resistant mares; however, immune conditions normalized post immunomodulation with MCWE.

Study Design and Procedure

  • Eight susceptible mares (SM) and eight resistant mares (RM) were chosen for the study based on their reproductive history and functionality.
  • The mares underwent evaluation over three consecutive cycles: during Cycle 1(untreated), Cycle 2(dead semen AI), and Cycle 3(dead semen AI plus immunomodulation with Mycobacterium phlei cell-wall extract or MCWE).
  • Biopsies were performed at estrus and diestrus during all cycles to evaluate immune responses.
  • The estimation of IL-8 and IL-10 mRNA transcription was done via real-time PCR.
  • Digital image analysis of immunohistochemistry slides was done to evaluate the percentage of stained area for Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHC-II), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), and T lymphocytes (TL).

Findings

  • In Cycle 1, SM mares showed higher MHC-II, TL, PMN, IL-8, and lower IL-10 mRNA transcription than RM.
  • During diestrus in Cycle 1, SM had higher levels of TL, PMN, IL-8, and lower IL-10 than RM.
  • Post AI (Cycle 2), SM mares demonstrated higher levels of IL-8, lower IL-10, and similar levels of MHC-II, TL, and PMN at estrus and diestrus when compared to RM mares.
  • Post MCWE application during AI (Cycle 3), SM mares showed higher levels of IL-10 at estrus but similar levels of MHC-II, TL, PMN, and IL-8 at diestrus as RM mares.

Conclusion

  • During a natural cycle, susceptible mares exhibit an elevated immune response characterized by high levels of IL-8 and lower IL-10, compared to resistant mares.
  • Artificial insemination accentuates the inflammatory condition in susceptible mares up until the 7th day post-ovulation, whereas this doesn’t occur in resistant mares.
  • Notably, with the use of MCWE at the time of AI, immunological conditions in susceptible mares normalize and become similar to the endometrial immune environment of resistant mares.

The results of this study aid in understanding the immune response in mares towards PPBE and offer avenues for its management especially through immunomodulation.

Cite This Article

APA
Fumuso EA, Aguilar J, Giguère S, Rivulgo M, Wade J, Rogan D. (2007). Immune parameters in mares resistant and susceptible to persistent post-breeding endometritis: effects of immunomodulation. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 118(1-2), 30-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.04.009

Publication

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
ISSN: 0165-2427
NlmUniqueID: 8002006
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 118
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 30-39

Researcher Affiliations

Fumuso, Elida Ana
  • UNICEN, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Pinto 399, Tandil 7000, Argentina. efumuso@vet.unicen.edu.ar
Aguilar, Javier
    Giguère, Steeve
      Rivulgo, Margarita
        Wade, José
          Rogan, Dragan

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Cell Wall
            • Disease Susceptibility
            • Endometritis / immunology
            • Endometritis / prevention & control
            • Endometritis / veterinary
            • Estrous Cycle
            • Female
            • Genes, MHC Class II
            • Horse Diseases / immunology
            • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
            • Horses
            • Immunologic Factors / pharmacology
            • Insemination, Artificial / adverse effects
            • Interleukin-10 / genetics
            • Interleukin-10 / metabolism
            • Interleukin-8 / genetics
            • Interleukin-8 / metabolism
            • Lymphocytes / metabolism
            • Mycobacterium phlei
            • Uterus / cytology

            Citations

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