Immunochemistry of pneumococcal types II, V, and VI. II. Inhibition tests in the type VI precipitating system.
Abstract: Rebers, Paul A. (Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N. J.), Esther Hurwitz, and Michael Heidelberger. Immunochemistry of pneumococcal types II, V, and VI. II. Inhibition tests in the type VI precipitating system. J. Bacteriol. 82:920-926. 1961.-As in other immune systems involving polysaccharides, rabbit antibodies but not those engendered in the horse were found sensitive to degradation of type VI pneumococcal (Pn) polysaccharide (SVI), and were readily inhibited by fragments of SVI. Large amounts, 30 to 111 mumoles, of most sugars gave up to 15% inhibition, while sugar and polyol phosphates inhibited as much as 25%, with little relation to their presence or absence in SVI. The phosphate-free repeating unit of SVI was a good inhibitor, its phosphate monoester was better, and the "trimer" still better. The "trimer" precipitated most of the antibodies from horse anti-Pn VI.Although inhibition of precipitation of SVI anti-Pn horse sera could not be demonstrated with fragments of SVI, cross-reactions of antibodies in the horse sera could be inhibited. Precipitation of SII was inhibited by low concentrations of l-rhamnose, while even high concentrations of the other sugar components of SII and SVI were ineffective. Precipitation by guar gum was inhibited by galactose and alpha- and beta-methyl-galactopyranosides, also by rhamnose, although guar gum does not contain this sugar, while SVI, the antigenic determinant, does.
Publication Date: 1961-12-01 PubMed ID: 14490831PubMed Central: PMC279277DOI: 10.1128/jb.82.6.920-926.1961Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This study explores the immune response of rabbits and horses to type VI pneumococcal polysaccharide (SVI) and how various sugars and polysaccharides can interfere with or promote this response. The researchers found that components of SVI could effectively prevent an immune response in rabbits, but not horses. They also observed that certain sugar molecules can inhibit the immune response, regardless of whether they are part of SVI.
Immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharide in different species
- The research found that immune systems in different species responded differently to the same stimulus, in this case, type VI pneumococcal (type Pn VI) polysaccharide.
- In rabbits, the antibodies produced against the Pn VI polysaccharide were sensitive to the breakdown of the polysaccharide into smaller pieces or fragments. This is significant as it indicates that the immune response in rabbits can be inhibited by these fragments.
- In horses, the antibodies against Pn VI did not respond in the same way. The immune system in horses did not show a decrease in the antibody response when presented with fragments of SVI polysaccharide.
Influence of sugars and phosphates on the immune response
- The examination of sugars revealed that most sugars in large amounts could inhibit the immune response by up to 15%
- Sugars and polyol (sugar alcohol) phosphates were even more effective, potentially inhibiting the immune response by up to 25%
- Phosphate-free components of SVI were effective inhibitors of the immune response, with effectiveness increasing with the addition of phosphate groups.
Cross-reactions and inefficiencies in immune response
- Despite their inability to react to SVI fragments, cross-reactions could be induced among antibodies in horse serum.
- The study found that l-rhamnose, a sugar, can inhibit precipitation of SII, another form of pneumococcal polysaccharide, at low concentrations, indicating the immune system’s specificity in how it responds to different components.
- High concentrations of other sugars were ineffective, as was guar gum, an agent often used in lab experiments.
- Rhamnose, while present in SVI, isn’t found in guar gum, indicating that the immune response is not solely based on the antigenic determinant (the part of the antigen that binds with the immune cell).
Cite This Article
APA
REBERS PA, HURWITZ E, HEIDELBERGER M.
(1961).
Immunochemistry of pneumococcal types II, V, and VI. II. Inhibition tests in the type VI precipitating system.
J Bacteriol, 82(6), 920-926.
https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.82.6.920-926.1961 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carbohydrates
- Galactose
- Horses
- Immunochemistry
- Polysaccharides
- Rabbits
- Rhamnose
- Streptococcus pneumoniae / immunology
References
This article includes 11 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- REBERS PA, HURWITZ E, HEIDELBERGER M, ESTRADA-PARRA S. Immunochemistry of the pneumococcal types II, V, and VI. III. Tests with derivatives of the specific polysaccharides of types II and VI.. J Bacteriol 1962 Feb;83(2):335-42.
- STOLLAR D, LEVINE L, LEHRER HI, VAN VUNAKIS H. The antigenic determinants of denatured DNA reactive with lupus erythematosus serum.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1962 May 15;48(5):874-80.
- Lüderitz O, Staub AM, Westphal O. Immunochemistry of O and R antigens of Salmonella and related Enterobacteriaceae.. Bacteriol Rev 1966 Mar;30(1):192-255.
- Soprey P, Slade HD. Immunochemistry of the streptococcal group R cell wall polysaccharide antigen.. Infect Immun 1972 Jan;5(1):91-7.
- Knox KW, Wicken AJ. Immunological properties of teichoic acids.. Bacteriol Rev 1973 Jun;37(2):215-57.
- Mukasa H, Slade HD. Structure and immunological specificity of the Streptococcus mutans group b cell wall antigen.. Infect Immun 1973 Apr;7(4):578-85.
- van Dam JE, Fleer A, Snippe H. Immunogenicity and immunochemistry of Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides.. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1990 Jun;58(1):1-47.
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