Importance of albumin in cross-reactivity among cat, dog and horse allergens.
Abstract: Different allergenic proteins have been involved in cross-reactivity among animals. Albumins seem to be cross-sensitizing allergenic components. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of albumin as a cross-reactive allergen in patients sensitized to cat, dog and horse. One hundred and seventeen patients sensitized to cat were tested for IgE reactivity using skin prick tests and RAST assays with cat, dog and horse hair/dander extracts and their purified albumin extracts. RAST-inhibition studies were carried out to assess cross-reactivity among cat, dog and horse and among their purified albumins. It was found that 22% of patients exhibited specific IgE to cat albumin; 41% of patients sensitized to cat were also sensitized to dog and horse. Out of these patients, 21% had IgE to three albumins and 17% to two. Reciprocal inhibitions were observed among cat, dog and horse albumins and also among cat, dog and horse hair/dander extracts, using in the latter experiment sera from patients not sensitized to albumins. IgE binding to horse extract was inhibited 30% by its homologous albumin and IgE binding to cat and dog extracts in almost 15% by their respective albumins. It was concluded that albumins from these three animals share some epitopes that account for the cross-reactivity observed in around one-third of patients sensitized to cat, dog and horse. Nevertheless, more than 50% of specific IgE that cross-reacts among these three animals is directed to allergens other than albumin.
Publication Date: 2000-07-06 PubMed ID: 10879993
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research explored the role of albumin in cross-reactivity, or overlapping immune response, among allergens sourced from cats, dogs, and horses. It found that albumin, a type of protein, contributes to about a third of these cross-allergies.
Background and Aim
- The study aimed to assess albumin’s role as a cross-reactive allergen in individuals sensitized (i.e., allergic) to cats, dogs, and horses. Recent research had implicated different allergenic proteins, including albumins, in the noticeable cross-reactivity among allergens from various animal sources. This cross-reactivity is observed as a person allergic to one animal source (e.g., cats) also exhibiting allergy symptoms to other animal sources (e.g., dogs or horses).
Methods
- The study recruited 117 participants allergic to cats. Their allergic reactions (specifically, IgE reactivity) were tested using skin prick tests and RadioAllergoSorbent (RAST) assays. RAST tests are blood tests used to confirm the substances causing allergic reactions.
- These tests used several categories of allergens: cat, dog, and horse hair/dander extracts, and purified albumin extracts from each of these animals.
- Further RAST-inhibition studies were undertaken to determine the degree of cross-reactivity between these animals and especially their albumins.
Findings
- Of the participants, 22% exhibited specific IgE (an indicator of allergy) to cat albumin. Simultaneously, 41% of those allergic to cats were also allergic to dogs and horses.
- Among the participants with cross-allergies, 21% had IgE to albumin from all three animals, and 17% to two types of albumin.
- There was observed reciprocal inhibition – a property indicating cross-reactivity – among the albumins of the three animals, and among their hair/dander extracts using sera from patients not sensitized to albumins.
- Furthermore, participant’s IgE reaction to horse extract could be inhibited by 30% using horse albumin, pointing to its role as a cross-reactive allergen. Similarly, IgE reactions to cat and dog allergens could be reduced by roughly 15% using their respective albumins.
Conclusion
- The study concluded that albumin from cats, dogs, and horses share certain epitopes (parts of an antigen molecule to which an antibody attaches itself), which account for approximately a third of the observed cross-reactivity in people with allergies to these animals.
- However, the research also underscored that other allergens aside from albumin account for over half of the specific IgE that cross-reacts among the allergens from these animals. This suggests the need for further exploration of potential shared allergens to fully understand the observed cross-reactivity.
Cite This Article
APA
Cabañas R, López-Serrano MC, Carreira J, Ventas P, Polo F, Caballero MT, Contreras J, Barranco P, Moreno-Ancillo A.
(2000).
Importance of albumin in cross-reactivity among cat, dog and horse allergens.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol, 10(2), 71-77.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Allergy Service, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
MeSH Terms
- Albumins / adverse effects
- Albumins / immunology
- Allergens / adverse effects
- Allergens / immunology
- Animals
- Asthma / etiology
- Asthma / immunology
- Cats / immunology
- Conjunctivitis, Allergic / etiology
- Conjunctivitis, Allergic / immunology
- Cross Reactions
- Dogs / immunology
- Hair / immunology
- Horses / immunology
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate / blood
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate / etiology
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate / immunology
- Immunoglobulin E / blood
- Immunoglobulin E / immunology
- Intradermal Tests
- Radioallergosorbent Test
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / etiology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / immunology
- Skin / immunology
- Tissue Extracts / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 14 times.- Huang Z, Zhu H, Lin R, Wu L, An N, Zheng P, Sun B. Serum Albumin as a Cross-Reactive Component in Furry Animals May Be Related to the Allergic Symptoms of Patients with Rhinitis.. J Asthma Allergy 2021;14:1231-1242.
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- Čelakovská J, Bukač J, Cermákova E, Vaňková R, Skalská H, Krejsek J, Andrýs C. Analysis of Results of Specific IgE in 100 Atopic Dermatitis Patients with the Use of Multiplex Examination ALEX2-Allergy Explorer.. Int J Mol Sci 2021 May 17;22(10).
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