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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Proteome Res / In Stallion Spermatozoa, Superoxide Dismutase (Cu-Zn) (SOD1)...
Journal of proteome research2021; 20(5); 2435-2446; doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00932

In Stallion Spermatozoa, Superoxide Dismutase (Cu-Zn) (SOD1) and the Aldo-Keto-Reductase Family 1 Member b (AKR1B1) Are the Proteins Most Significantly Reduced by Cryopreservation.

Abstract: Although cryopreservation is widely used in animal breeding, the technique is still suboptimal. The population of spermatozoa surviving the procedure experiences changes attributed to alteration in their redox regulation. In order to expand our knowledge regarding this particular aspect, the proteome in fresh and frozen thawed aliquots of equine spermatozoa was studied to identify the proteins most severely affected by the procedure. If alteration of redox regulation is a major factor explaining cryodamage, proteins participating in redox regulation should be principally affected. Using a split sample design, 30 ejaculates from 10 different stallions were analyzed as fresh spermatozoa, and another aliquot from the same ejaculate was analyzed as a frozen thawed sample. The proteome was studied under both conditions using UHPLC-MS/MS and bioinformatic analysis conducted to identify discriminant variables between both conditions. Data are available through the ProteomeXchange Consortium with identifier PXD022236. The proteins most significantly reduced were Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B (p = 2.2 × 10-17) and Superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn) (p = 4.7 × 10-14). This is the first time that SOD1 has been identified as a discriminating variable using bioinformatic analysis, where it was one of the most highly significantly different proteins seen between fresh and frozen thawed semen. This finding strongly supports the theory that alteration in redox regulation and oxidative stress is a major factor involved in cryodamage and suggests that control of redox regulation should be a major target to improve current cryopreservation procedures.
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Publication Date: 2021-03-03 PubMed ID: 33656888PubMed Central: PMC8562871DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00932Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates the impact of cryopreservation on stallion spermatozoa, revealing that Superoxide Dismutase (Cu-Zn) (SOD1) and Aldo-Keto-Reductase Family 1 Member b (AKR1B1) are the proteins most significantly affected by the procedure.

Research Objective and Methodology

  • The research aims to expand understanding of changes in the proteome (a set of proteins expressed by a genome, cell, tissue or organism) in stallion spermatozoa due to cryopreservation, a widely used but still suboptimal technique in animal breeding. The particular focus is on proteins related to redox regulation as these are likely to be most affected by cryodamage.
  • The procedure involves analysing 30 ejaculates from 10 different stallions, both as fresh spermatozoa and as another aliquot from the same ejaculate after undergoing cryopreservation. This split sample design allows for direct comparison of changes caused by this process.
  • Analysis of the proteome in these conditions was performed using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Following this, bioinformatic procedures were used to identify the proteins showing the most significant changes between fresh and frozen semen.

Research Findings

  • The study found that Superoxide Dismutase (Cu-Zn) (SOD1) and Aldo-Keto-Reductase Family 1 Member b (AKR1B1) were the proteins most significantly reduced by cryopreservation. This is the first time that SOD1 has been identified as significantly different between fresh and frozen semen using bioinformatic analysis.
  • These findings suggest that alterations in redox regulation, which involves the control of oxidation and reduction reactions in a cell, and resultant oxidative stress are major factors contributing to cryodamage. This implies that to improve cryopreservation procedures, research should target control of redox regulation.

Concluding Remarks

  • This study provides new insight into the impact of cryopreservation on stallion spermatozoa at the proteomic level. In particular, it highlights the key role of proteins associated with redox regulation in explaining the damaging effects of freezing-thawing techniques on spermatozoa viability.
  • The findings here can guide future research and development efforts in animal breeding techniques, particularly improvements in spermatozoa cryopreservation.

Cite This Article

APA
Gaitskell-Phillips G, Martín-Cano FE, Ortiz-Rodríguez JM, Silva-Rodríguez A, Gil MC, Ortega-Ferrusola C, Peña FJ. (2021). In Stallion Spermatozoa, Superoxide Dismutase (Cu-Zn) (SOD1) and the Aldo-Keto-Reductase Family 1 Member b (AKR1B1) Are the Proteins Most Significantly Reduced by Cryopreservation. J Proteome Res, 20(5), 2435-2446. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00932

Publication

Journal of proteome research
ISSN: 1535-3907
NlmUniqueID: 101128775
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 20
Issue: 5
Pages: 2435-2446

Researcher Affiliations

Gaitskell-Phillips, Gemma
  • Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Martín-Cano, Francisco E
  • Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Ortiz-Rodríguez, José M
  • Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Silva-Rodríguez, Antonio
  • Facility of Innovation and Analysis in Animal Source Foodstuffs, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Gil, Maria C
  • Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Ortega-Ferrusola, Cristina
  • Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
Peña, Fernando J
  • Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.

MeSH Terms

  • Aldehyde Reductase
  • Animals
  • Cryopreservation
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Oxidoreductases
  • Sperm Motility
  • Spermatozoa
  • Superoxide Dismutase / genetics
  • Superoxide Dismutase-1 / genetics
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competingfinancial interest.

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Citations

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