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Stem cells international2020; 2020; 8814989; doi: 10.1155/2020/8814989

In Vitro Induction of Pluripotency from Equine Fibroblasts in 20% or 5% Oxygen.

Abstract: The cellular reprogramming into pluripotency is influenced by external and internal cellular factors, such as culture conditions (e.g., environmental oxygen concentration), and the aging process. Herein, we aimed to generate and maintain equine iPSCs (eiPSCs) derived from fibroblasts of a horse older than 20 years and to evaluate the effect of different levels of oxygen tension (atmospheric 20% O, 5% O, or 20% to 5% O) on these cells. Fibroblasts were reprogrammed, and putative eiPSCs were positive for positive alkaline phosphatase detection; they were positive for pluripotency-related genes , , and ; immunofluorescence-positive staining was presented for OCT4 and NANOG (all groups), SOX2 (groups 5% O and 20% to 5% O), and TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, and SSEA-1 (only in 20% O); they formed embryoid bodies; and there is spontaneous differentiation in mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm embryonic germ layers. In addition to the differences in immunofluorescence analysis results, the eiPSC colonies generated at 20% O presented a more compact morphology with a well-defined border than cells cultured in 5% O and 20% to 5% O. Significant differences were also observed in the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism, mitochondrial fission, and hypoxia (, , , , and ), after reprogramming. Our results show that the derivation of eiPSCs was not impaired by aging. Additionally, this study is the first to compare high and low oxygen cultures of eiPSCs, showing the generation of pluripotent cells with different profiles. Under the tested conditions, the lower oxygen tension did not favor the pluripotency of eiPSCs. This study shows that the impact of oxygen atmosphere has to be considered when culturing eiPSCs, as this condition influences the pluripotency characteristics.
Copyright © 2020 Raquel V. G. de Castro et al.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-26 PubMed ID: 33456472PubMed Central: PMC7785345DOI: 10.1155/2020/8814989Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article examines the effect of different oxygen levels on the successful transformation of horse fibroblasts into pluripotent stem cells. It finds that lowered oxygen tension does not benefit the stem cell’s pluripotency and that culture conditions, including oxygen atmosphere, should be considered to maintain pluripotency.

Objective and Approach

  • The research aimed to derive and maintain pluripotent stem cells (abbreviated as eiPSCs) from an old horse fibroblasts (the horse was over 20 years) and assess how varying degrees of oxygen tension (atmospheric 20% O, 5% O, or a variable 20% to 5% O) affect the cells.
  • Fibroblasts were artificially manipulated (reprogrammed) into becoming eiPSCs.

Observations

  • The resulting eiPSCs tested positive for alkaline phosphatase, indicating cell pluripotency, along with other pluripotency-related genes.
  • Immunofluorescence-positive staining was detected for OCT4 and NANOG for all groups; SOX2 for 5% O and 20% to 5% O groups; and TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, and SSEA-1 only in the 20% O group.
  • The eiPSCs could form embryoid bodies and differentiate across mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm embryonic germ layers.

Findings and Conclusion

  • eiPSC colonies grown in 20% O appeared more compact with well-defined borders compared to those in 5% O and fluctuating 20% to 5% O.
  • Differences were found in the expression of genes connected to glucose metabolism, mitochondrial division, and hypoxia in response to reprogramming.
  • The research found no hindrance to eiPSCs derivation due to aging, suggesting that even mature cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells.
  • Lower oxygen tension did not favor the pluripotency of eiPSCs. In essence, the atmospheric oxygen level under which eiPSCs are cultured plays a pivotal role in their pluripotency capabilities.

Cite This Article

APA
de Castro RVG, Pieri NCG, Fantinato Neto P, Grizendi BM, Dória RGS, Meirelles FV, Smith LC, Garcia JM, Bressan FF. (2020). In Vitro Induction of Pluripotency from Equine Fibroblasts in 20% or 5% Oxygen. Stem Cells Int, 2020, 8814989. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8814989

Publication

Stem cells international
ISSN: 1687-966X
NlmUniqueID: 101535822
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2020
Pages: 8814989
PII: 8814989

Researcher Affiliations

de Castro, Raquel V G
  • Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, 14884-900, Brazil.
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.
Pieri, Naira C G
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (FMVZ/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.
Fantinato Neto, Paulo
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.
Grizendi, Bianca M
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.
Dória, Renata G S
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.
Meirelles, Flavio V
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.
Smith, Lawrence C
  • Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada J2S 2M2.
Garcia, Joaquim M
  • Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, 14884-900, Brazil.
Bressan, Fabiana F
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), 13635-900, Brazil.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

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