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In vitro validation of the lactose 13C-ureide breath test for equine orocaecal transit time measurement.
Abstract: Validation of a reliable, noninvasive clinical test for quantification of equine orocaecal transit time (OCTT) is required. This would facilitate an evidence-based approach to investigation and treatment of equine small intestinal disorders. Objective: 1) Comparison of the lactose (13) C-ureide breath test (LUBT) with the hydrogen breath test (H(2) BT) for OCTT measurement. 2) Identification of the characteristics of gastrointestinal microbial glycosylureide hydrolase activity in vitro. 3) Production of an optimised protocol for the LUBT for in vivo measurement of equine OCTT. Objective: Significant lactose (13) C-ureide ((13) C-LU) hydrolase activity is restricted to the large bowel. The rate of expiratory (13) CO(2) production after ingestion of the isotope will provide an indirect quantifiable measure of orocaecal transit rate. Requisite bacterial activity may be enhanced by a primer dose of unlabelled substrate as shown in Man. Methods: Combined LUBT and H(2) BT were performed in 8 healthy individuals. Analysis of sequential end expiratory breath samples was used to calculate OCTT and results compared. Digestion of (13) C-LU was investigated in vitro using fresh faecal material or intestinal aliquots collected post mortem. Isotopic fermentation rate was measured by rate of appearance of (13) CO(2) . Results: Peaks in expiratory (13) CO(2) occurred in all individuals after ingestion of the labelled test meal, whereas H(2) expiration was variable. Both faecal and intestinal microbial digestion of (13) C-LU were maximised by prior exposure to (12) C-LU. Induced bacterial glucoseureide hydrolase activity was significantly greater in the caecum than in the small intestine (n = 10, P<0.05). Conclusions: Significant (13) C-LU digestion is restricted to the equine large intestine under normal conditions, and is enhanced by prior exposure to (12) C-LU, making (13) C-LU a suitable noninvasive marker of equine OCTT. The LUBT is more reliable than the H(2) BT for measurement of equine OCTT.
© 2011 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2011-08-04 PubMed ID: 21790753DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00406.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Clinical Study
- Clinical Symptoms
- Comparative Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Digestive Tract
- Disease Diagnosis
- Equine Health
- Gastrointestinal Health
- Horses
- In Vitro Research
- In Vivo
- Laboratory Methods
- Lactose
- Metabolism
- Microbiology
- Noninvasive Procedures
- Physiology
- Veterinary Care
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research focuses on validating a noninvasive clinical test for measuring the time it takes for food to pass from the mouth to the caecum in horses, also known as the orocaecal transit time (OCTT). This is vital in diagnosing and treating small intestinal disorders in horses. The tested procedure, called the lactose 13C-ureide breath test (LUBT), was found to be more reliable than the existing hydrogen breath test (H2-BT).
Research Objectives
- The study had three primary objectives. The first was to compare the LUBT with the H2-BT for the measurement of OCTT in horses.
- The second objective was aimed at understanding the properties of the microbes in the gut that break down glycosylureide (a type of sugar-protein molecule) in a lab setting.
- The third objective was to produce an optimized protocol for the LUBT that could be used in live horses to measure OCTT.
Research Methodology
- The research study involved conducting the LUBT and H2-BT tests on eight healthy individuals.
- The researchers also investigated the digestion of 13C-LU (a form of lactose ureide labelled with a carbon isotope for tracking) in vitro using fresh faecal material or intestinal samples collected post mortem.
- The rate of carbon dioxide production was measured to determine the rate of isotopic fermentation.
Results of the Study
- It was observed that the consumption of the labelled test meal caused an increase in carbon dioxide in the breath of all individuals. The hydrogen test, however, was variable in its results.
- Both faecal and intestinal microbial digestion of 13C-LU were maximized when previously exposed to 12C-LU, a non-labelled equivalent.
- The activity of glucoseureide hydrolase in bacterial was significantly higher in the caecum than in the small intestine.
Conclusion and Implications
- The study concluded that significant digestion of 13C-LU takes place in the large intestine of horses under normal conditions, and this activity is enhanced when exposed to 12C-LU.
- This makes 13C-LU a suitable noninvasive marker for measuring OCTT in horses.
- Overall, this suggests that the LUBT is a more reliable method for measuring OCTT in horses compared to the H2-BT.
Cite This Article
APA
Sutton DG, Preston T, Love S.
(2011).
In vitro validation of the lactose 13C-ureide breath test for equine orocaecal transit time measurement.
Equine Vet J Suppl(39), 42-48.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00406.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK. david.sutton@glasgow.ac.uk
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Breath Tests / methods
- Carbon Isotopes
- Cecum
- Fermentation
- Gastrointestinal Transit / physiology
- Horses / physiology
- Lactose / metabolism
- Mouth
- Reproducibility of Results
- Time Factors
- Urea / analogs & derivatives
- Urea / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Song Y, Day CM, Afinjuomo F, Tan JE, Page SW, Garg S. Advanced Strategies of Drug Delivery via Oral, Topical, and Parenteral Administration Routes: Where Do Equine Medications Stand?. Pharmaceutics 2023 Jan 4;15(1).
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