Induction of lymphokine-activated killer cells of equine origin: specificity for equine target cells.
Abstract: The in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with interleukin 2 (IL-2) results in the development of potent cytotoxic effector cells, referred to as lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. LAK cells are capable of lysing a wide variety of autologous, allogeneic and xenogeneic tumor cells. The exact mechanism of target cell recognition by LAK cells remains unknown. LAK cell activity has been reported for a variety of domesticated species except the horse. We report here that IL-2-stimulated equine PBMC, which fail to lyse either human or murine tumor cell lines, exhibit potent cytolytic activity against an equine tumor cell line, EqT8888. Cytolytic activity against the EqT8888 cells required 3 days of incubation with IL-2, was mediated primarily by T-cells, and was not restricted by major histocompatibility complex antigens. Though LAK activity could only be demonstrated using equine-derived target cells, xenogeneic targets could be lysed in a lectin-mediated cytotoxicity assay. The xenogeneic targets also failed to block LAK cell-killing of the EqT8888 cells in a cold-target competition assay. These results indicate that LAK cells in the horse appear to utilize a species-specific recognition mechanism during target cell lysis.
Publication Date: 1992-04-01 PubMed ID: 1604800DOI: 10.1016/0165-2427(92)90066-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research article investigates how the stimulation of certain immune cells in horses with interleukin 2 can develop into powerful cytotoxic cells capable of destroying tumor cells. The study provides new insight indicating that these activated immune cells use a species-specific recognition mechanism to lyse equine tumor cells.
Research Methodology
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which are critical elements of the immune system, were isolated from the blood of horses. These cells were then stimulated with interleukin 2 (IL-2), a protein that plays an important role in the immune response.
- The stimulated cells, referred to as lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, were then tested for their ability to lyse, or break down, tumor cell lines, including human, murine, and equine targets.
- To determine if the lysis was species-specific, a competition assay was conducted using equine-derived target cells and xenogeneic (other species) targets.
Key Findings
- The stimulated equine PBMC, or LAK cells, failed to destroy human or murine tumor cells. Instead, they demonstrated strong cytolytic activity against a specific equine tumor cell line, EqT8888, suggesting a species-specific recognition mechanism.
- This cytolytic activity required a 3-day incubation period with IL-2, and was mainly carried out by T-cells, a type of white blood cell that is critical for immune response.
- The lysis was not restricted by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, complex proteins vital for the immune system to recognize foreign substances.
- Although LAK activity was only detectable using equine-derived target cells, xenogeneic targets could be lysed in a lectin-mediated cytotoxicity assay, which measures the ability of a substance to kill cells.
- Xenogeneic targets did not block the LAK cell-killing of the EqT8888 cells, further emphasizing the species-specific effectiveness of the LAK cells.
Implications
- The research provides evidence of a possible species-specific recognition mechanism in horse LAK cells. This means that horses might have uniquely adapted immune responses against tumors.
- The findings could have significant implications for the study and treatment of tumors in horses.
- It also opens up potential further research into interspecies variations in immunologic responses to tumor cells.
Cite This Article
APA
Hormanski CE, Truax R, Pourciau SS, Folsom RW, Horohov DW.
(1992).
Induction of lymphokine-activated killer cells of equine origin: specificity for equine target cells.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 32(1-2), 25-36.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2427(92)90066-y Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / immunology
- Horses / immunology
- Humans
- Interleukin-2 / immunology
- Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
- Mice
- Recombinant Proteins
- T-Lymphocytes / immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Dominguez-Medina CC, Rash NL, Robillard S, Robinson C, Efstratiou A, Broughton K, Parkhill J, Holden MTG, Lopez-Alvarez MR, Paillot R, Waller AS. SpeS: A Novel Superantigen and Its Potential as a Vaccine Adjuvant against Strangles. Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jun 23;21(12).
- Evans E, Paillot R, López-Álvarez MR. A comprehensive analysis of e-CAS cell line reveals they are mouse macrophages. Sci Rep 2018 May 29;8(1):8237.
- Detournay O, Morrison DA, Wagner B, Zarnegar B, Wattrang E. Genomic analysis and mRNA expression of equine type I interferon genes. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2013 Dec;33(12):746-59.
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