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Home / Equine Research Bank / Virology / Infectious entry of equine herpesvirus-1 into host cells thr...
Virology2009; 393(2); 198-209; doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.07.032

Infectious entry of equine herpesvirus-1 into host cells through different endocytic pathways.

Abstract: We investigated the mechanism by which equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) enters primary cultured equine brain microvascular endothelial cells (EBMECs) and equine dermis (E. Derm) cells. EHV-1 colocalized with caveolin in EBMECs and the infection was greatly reduced by the expression of a dominant negative form of equine caveolin-1 (ecavY14F), suggesting that EHV-1 enters EBMECs via caveolar endocytosis. EHV-1 entry into E. Derm cells was significantly reduced by ATP depletion and treatments with lysosomotropic agents. Enveloped virions were detected from E. Derm cells by infectious virus recovery assay after viral internalization, suggesting that EHV-1 enters E. Derm cells via energy- and pH-dependent endocytosis. These results suggest that EHV-1 utilizes multiple endocytic pathways in different cell types to establish productive infection.
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Publication Date: 2009-08-31 PubMed ID: 19720389PubMed Central: PMC7111996DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.07.032Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates how the equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) enters certain types of equine cells — specifically, brain microvascular endothelial cells and dermis cells. The findings indicate that EHV-1 uses various methods of endocytosis to infect different cell types.

Research Context

  • This study focuses on understanding how equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) enters host cells. EHV-1 is a virus that affects horses and can cause a variety of diseases, such as respiratory disease, abortion, and neurological disease.
  • The researchers investigated this infection process in two types of equine cells: brain microvascular endothelial cells (termed EBMECs) and dermis cells (referred as E. Derm cells). Both cells are part of the horse’s natural environment for EHV-1.

Methodology and Findings

  • The researchers tested whether EHV-1 was spotted with a protein called caveolin in EBMECs. When viruses enter cells via “caveolar endocytosis,” they often use caveolin as a marker.
  • By using a modified form of caveolin, called “ecavY14F,” which inhibits the normal function of caveolin, they found that the EBMEC infection rate dropped dramatically. This suggests that EHV-1 primarily uses “caveolar endocytosis” to enter EBMECs.
  • The entry of EHV-1 into E. Derm cells was tested differently. The researchers lowered ATP levels and used lysosomotropic agents – both methods to disrupt endocytosis. As the infection rate dropped significantly after these measures, it implies that EHV-1 uses an “energy- and pH-dependent endocytosis” to enter these cells.
  • They also detected virus particles in E. Derm cells after it had been taken up by the cell, further reinforcing that EHV-1 uses endocytosis to enter these cells.

Conclusion

  • The findings underscore that EHV-1 uses multiple pathways to enter different types of cells, a characteristic feature of many viruses that can complicate development of vaccines or treatments.
  • Further research would help identify if other cell types also show this versatility and how these endocytic pathways can be potentially inhibited to prevent EHV-1 infections.

Cite This Article

APA
Hasebe R, Sasaki M, Sawa H, Wada R, Umemura T, Kimura T. (2009). Infectious entry of equine herpesvirus-1 into host cells through different endocytic pathways. Virology, 393(2), 198-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2009.07.032

Publication

Virology
ISSN: 1096-0341
NlmUniqueID: 0110674
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 393
Issue: 2
Pages: 198-209

Researcher Affiliations

Hasebe, Rie
  • Laboratory of Prion Diseases, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, West 9 North 18, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan. r-hasebe@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp
Sasaki, Michihito
    Sawa, Hirofumi
      Wada, Ryuichi
        Umemura, Takashi
          Kimura, Takashi

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Caveolin 1 / genetics
            • Caveolin 1 / metabolism
            • Cell Line
            • Endocytosis
            • Endothelial Cells / virology
            • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
            • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
            • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / growth & development
            • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / physiology
            • Horse Diseases / virology
            • Horses
            • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
            • Microscopy, Confocal
            • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
            • Transgenes
            • Virus Internalization

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