Influence of laxatives on gastric emptying in healthy Warmblood horses evaluated with the D-xylose absorption test.
Abstract: The use of laxatives is crucial in the treatment of horses with large colon impaction. To reach the impacted mass, the laxative must leave the stomach and pass through the small intestine. The aim of this study was to determine whether the most frequently used saline and lubricant laxatives influence gastric emptying. Six fasted normal adult Warmblood horses were used in a randomized study design with five laxative trials (1.8% sodium sulfate [1.8% Na2SO4], 4.2% magnesium sulfate [4.2% MgSO4], mineral oil [MOil], 25% sodium sulfate [25% Na2SO4], 25% magnesium sulfate [25% MgSO4]) and two trials with water (at either 20 ml/kg BW [Water 20] or 4 ml/kg BW [Water 4]), administered via nasogastric intubation. For indirect measurement of liquid-phase gastric emptying, a liquid passage marker (0.5 g D-xylose/kg BW as 10% solution) was added to each trial. Serum samples were collected at pre-determined time points for pharmacokinetic analysis. The time to reach maximum serum concentration (T(max)) was considered as gastric emptying rate. Significant differences were detected for T(max) of 4.2% MgSO4 compared to Water 20 and for T(max), the maximum serum concentration (C(max)) and the area under the curve determined up to 90 min (AUC90) of 25% Na2SO4 and 25% MgSO4 compared to Water 4. Neither 1.8% Na2SO4, nor MOil delayed gastric emptying rate compared to water (Water 20, Water 4, respectively). 4.2% MgSO4 as well as 25% Na2SO4 and 25% MgSO4 significantly delayed gastric emptying rate in comparison to water (Water 20, Water 4, respectively).
Publication Date: 2013-06-14 PubMed ID: 23758040
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- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
Summary
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The research involves a study on how different types of commonly used laxatives affect gastric emptying in healthy Warmblood horses. It was found that certain saline and lubricant laxatives significantly delay gastric emptying compared to water.
Introduction
- This research paper aims to understand the potential influence of commonly used laxatives on gastric emptying (the process of digestion through which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine) in Warmblood horses which are commonly bred for sports and are healthy. This is crucial as laxatives need to pass through the stomach and small intestine to effectively treat large colon impactions.
Methodology
- Six normal adult Warmblood horses that were on an empty stomach were used in this study, which also involved a randomized design.
- They underwent five trials with different laxatives and two trials with water, administered through a nasogastric tube.
- The laxatives used included 1.8% sodium sulfate, 4.2% magnesium sulfate, mineral oil, 25% sodium sulfate, and 25% magnesium sulfate.
- The two water trials used different volumes: 20 ml/kg body weight and 4 ml/kg body weight.
- A liquid passage marker, D-xylose, was added during each trial to enable indirect measurement of liquid-phase gastric emptying.
Results and Findings
- Results were analyzed by determining the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) and the time to reach it (Tmax), as well as the area under the curve for the initial 90 minutes of digestion (AUC90).
- Note that Tmax was considered as representative of the gastric emptying rate.
- The study found significant differences for Tmax of 4.2% magnesium sulfate compared to the water trial with 20 ml/kg body weight. Additionally, differences were found for Tmax, Cmax, and AUC90 of 25% sodium and magnesium sulfates compared to the water trial with 4 ml/kg body weight.
- Meanwhile, 1.8% sodium sulfate and mineral oil did not delay gastric emptying rate when compared with water.
- The study concluded that 4.2% magnesium sulfate as well as 25% sodium sulfate and 25% magnesium sulfate significantly delay gastric emptying rate in Warmblood horses when compared to water.
Cite This Article
APA
Spallek A, Recknagel S, Breuer J, Koeller G, Schusser GF.
(2013).
Influence of laxatives on gastric emptying in healthy Warmblood horses evaluated with the D-xylose absorption test.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 126(5-6), 245-250.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Medizinische Tierklinik, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Germany.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers / blood
- Female
- Gastric Emptying / drug effects
- Horses / physiology
- Laxatives / pharmacology
- Magnesium Sulfate / pharmacology
- Male
- Mineral Oil / pharmacology
- Sulfates / pharmacology
- Xylose / administration & dosage
- Xylose / blood
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Zheng K, Wu W, Yang S, Huang L, Chen J, Gong C, Fu Z, Lin R, Tan J. Treatment of radiation-induced acute intestinal injury with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.. Exp Ther Med 2016 Jun;11(6):2425-2431.
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