Injuries of the Sagittal Groove of the Proximal Phalanx in Warmblood Horses Detected with Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging: 19 Cases (2007-2016)

The research conducted retrospectively analyses cases of Warmblood horses with sagittal groove injuries of the proximal phalanx. The research suggests that the injuries, despite treatment, often result in the horses remaining lame. Based on the sample size of 19 horses, the prognosis for performance soundness in horses diagnosed with this specific injury and concurrent osteoarthritis is poor.

Objective of the Research

• The study was designed to analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of sagittal groove injuries in the proximal phalanx of Warmblood horses. These injuries are a significant cause of lameness in horses, particularly those that are older or engaged in performance activities.

Methodology

• The research included horses that had an MRI-diagnosed sagittal groove injury, as well as a subsequent MRI and related clinical outcome data.
• Specific details were logged from each horse’s clinical exams, diagnostic tests, and other imaging results.
• An seasoned veterinary radiologist re-evaluated all of the MRI scans.
• In total, the study examined 19 horses that met these requirements.

Findings

• All horses showed MRI lesions consistent with either unilateral or bilateral sagittal groove injuries, and abnormal mineralization within the sagittal ridge of the third metacarpal/metatarsal bone was found in all studied cases.
• Of the horses studied, 79% showed concurrent osteoarthritis in the corresponding joint.
• Despite 18 of the horses being treated with conservative therapy, their follow-up MRI scan revealed persisting bone abnormalities.
• By the time of follow-up, 68.5% of the horses were still lame, whereas 31.5% had recovered and returned to their previous level of exercise.

Conclusion

• The findings suggest that sagittal groove injuries of the proximal phalanx in mature Warmblood horses can exhibit various characteristics in a standing low-field MRI.
• Based on this sample of 19 horses, the research also indicates the prognosis for performance soundness in horses diagnosed with a sagittal groove injury of the proximal phalanx and concurrent osteoarthritis is generally poor.