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Clinical and experimental immunology1986; 65(1); 172-181;

Innate immunity during Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection.

Abstract: Intrinsic phagocytosis and killing of C. albicans by equine monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) was examined during Equid Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) (subtypes 1 or 2) and Adenovirus infections. Monocyte function increased during EHV-1 subtype 2 and Adenovirus infection. Conversely, there was an impairment of monocyte ingestion during EHV-1 subtype 1 infection which was ascribed to virus replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PMN phagocytosis was not decreased in any of the infections studied. The raised levels of haemolytic complement in animals which subsequently developed EHV-1 subtype 1 induced paresis suggested an abnormality of complement turnover. Increased levels of interferon were evident in the nasal secretions of both subtype 1 and subtype 2 infected animals but only subtype 1 virus induced measurable levels of serum interferon. No intrinsic abnormality of interferon production by monocytes or lymphocytes was found.
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Publication Date: 1986-07-01 PubMed ID: 2431815PubMed Central: PMC1542268
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article investigates how Equid Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and Adenovirus infections affect the innate immunity response, particularly the phagocytosis function of equine monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN), in horses.

Study Overview

In this study, the researchers examined the innate immunity of horses during Equid Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and Adenovirus infections. They specifically studied phagocytosis – the process by which cells ingest harmful particles like viruses or bacteria – by equine monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

Key Findings

Through their examination, the researchers found that:

  • Monocyte function, or their ability to fight off infections, increased during EHV-1 subtype 2 and Adenovirus infection.
  • However, there was a decrease in monocyte function during EHV-1 subtype 1 infection, which they attributed to viral replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  • PMN phagocytosis was constant and unaffected in all of the infections studied.

Additional Observations

The researchers also observed that:

  • There were elevated levels of haemolytic complement – a part of the immune system that helps antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism – in animals that later developed EHV-1 subtype 1 induced paresis, indicating abnormality in complement turnover.
  • Increased levels of interferon, proteins released in response to pathogens, were found in the nasal secretions of animals infected with both subtype 1 and subtype 2 of the virus, although only subtype 1 of the virus led to measurable levels of serum interferon.
  • There was no intrinsic abnormality found in interferon production by monocytes or lymphocytes.

Significance of Study

This study is significant as it sheds new light on the effects EHV-1 and Adenovirus infections have on the immune responses of horses. Understanding the impact such viruses have on equine immune responses can enhance the development of effective treatments and preventive measures.

Cite This Article

APA
Bridges CG, Edington N. (1986). Innate immunity during Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection. Clin Exp Immunol, 65(1), 172-181.

Publication

Clinical and experimental immunology
ISSN: 0009-9104
NlmUniqueID: 0057202
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 65
Issue: 1
Pages: 172-181

Researcher Affiliations

Bridges, C G
    Edington, N

      MeSH Terms

      • Adenoviridae Infections / immunology
      • Animals
      • Complement System Proteins / metabolism
      • Female
      • Herpesviridae / immunology
      • Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
      • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
      • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
      • Horse Diseases / immunology
      • Horses
      • Interferons / metabolism
      • Monocytes / immunology
      • Neutrophils / immunology
      • Phagocytosis
      • Time Factors

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 5 times.
      1. Poelaert KCK, Van Cleemput J, Laval K, Favoreel HW, Soboll Hussey G, Maes RK, Nauwynck HJ. Abortigenic but Not Neurotropic Equine Herpes Virus 1 Modulates the Interferon Antiviral Defense. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018;8:312.
        doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00312pubmed: 30258819google scholar: lookup
      2. Charan S, Palmer K, Chester P, Mire-Sluis AR, Meager A, Edington N. Transforming growth factor-beta induced by live or ultraviolet-inactivated equid herpes virus type-1 mediates immunosuppression in the horse. Immunology 1997 Apr;90(4):586-91.
        doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1997.00202.xpubmed: 9176113google scholar: lookup
      3. Bridges CG, Ledger N, Edington N. The characterization of equine herpes virus-1-infected cell polypeptides recognized by equine lymphocytes. Immunology 1988 Feb;63(2):193-8.
        pubmed: 2832309
      4. Bridges CG, Edington N. Genetic restriction of cytolysis during equid herpesvirus 1 subtype 2 infection. Clin Exp Immunol 1987 Nov;70(2):276-82.
        pubmed: 2827921
      5. Giessler KS, Goehring LS, Jacob SI, Davis A, Esser MM, Lee Y, Zarski LM, Weber PSD, Hussey GS. Impact of the host immune response on the development of equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy in horses. J Gen Virol 2024 May;105(5).
        doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001987pubmed: 38767608google scholar: lookup
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