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Frontiers in immunology2022; 13; 1003247; doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003247

Integrated multi-omics reveals novel microbe-host lipid metabolism and immune interactions in the donkey hindgut.

Abstract: Evidence has shown that gut microbiota play a key role in host metabolism and health; however, little is known about the microbial community in the donkey hindgut as well as the interactions that occur between gut microbes and the host. This study aimed to explore the gut microbiome differences by analyzing the microbial community and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to lipid metabolism and the immune system along the donkey hindgut. The hindgut tissues (cecum, ventral colon, and dorsal colon) were separated, and the contents of each section were collected from six male donkeys for multi-omics analysis. There were significant differences in terms of dominant bacteria among the three sections, especially between the cecum and dorsal colon sites. For instance, species belonging to and were most abundant in the cecum, while the , , , etc., were more abundant in the dorsal colon. Apart from propionate, the concentrations of acetate, isobutyrate, valerate and isovalerate were all lower in the cecum than in the dorsal colon (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we identified some interesting DEGs related to lipid metabolism (e.g., , , , and ) and the immune system (e.g., , mucin-2-like, , , , , and ) between the cecum and dorsal colon and found that the PPAR pathway was mainly enriched in the cecum. Finally, we found a complex relationship between the gut microbiome and gene expression, especially with respect to the immune system, and combined with protein-protein interaction (PPI) data, suggesting that the PPAR pathway might be responsible, at least in part, for the role of the hindgut microbiota in the donkeys' gut homeostasis. Our data provide an in-depth understanding of the interaction between the microbiota and function in the healthy equine hindgut and may also provide guidance for improving animal performance metrics (such as product quality) and equine welfare.
Copyright © 2022 Li, Ma, Shi, Liu and Wang.
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Publication Date: 2022-11-18 PubMed ID: 36466834PubMed Central: PMC9716284DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003247Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the microbiome in the digestive system of donkeys, more specifically, it focuses on the hindgut. Researchers conducted an in-depth examination of the hindgut, looking at the differences in the microbial community and gene expression related to lipid metabolism and the immune system among its different sections. This study also revealed how the gut microbiome influences host metabolism and immunity in donkeys.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers obtained hindgut tissues (cecum, ventral colon, and dorsal colon) from six male donkeys. The contents of each of these sections were harvested for a comprehensive multi-omics analysis.
  • The donkeys’ gut microbiome was examined, revealing significant differences in the dominant bacterial species among the three sections.
  • Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) related to lipid metabolism and immune system interactions were identified.

Key Findings

  • There were noticeable variations in the dominant bacteria at the cecum, ventral colon, and dorsal colon sites of the donkeys’ hindgut.
  • Concentrations of certain substances known as short-chain fatty acids (including acetate, isobutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate) were lower in the cecum than in the dorsal colon. These substances are important for various biological aspects such as energy production and regulation of immune response.
  • They noted an interesting differential gene expression affecting lipid metabolism and the immune system in between the cecum and dorsal colon, implying a distinct function and microbe-host interaction within these regions of the hindgut.
  • The PPAR pathway, a group of genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation response, was significantly active in the cecum.

Implications and Conclusions

  • The research highlighted a complex relationship between the gut microbiome and gene expression in donkeys, particularly related to the immune system.
  • Findings from the study suggest that the PPAR pathway plays a significant role in the hindgut microbiota’s influence on gut homeostasis in donkeys.
  • The insights gained from this study contribute to a more substantial understanding of the interplay between gut microbiota and their key functions in the healthy equine hindgut, which has potential applications for improving animal performance metrics and welfare in equines.

Cite This Article

APA
Li Y, Ma Q, Shi X, Liu G, Wang C. (2022). Integrated multi-omics reveals novel microbe-host lipid metabolism and immune interactions in the donkey hindgut. Front Immunol, 13, 1003247. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003247

Publication

Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
NlmUniqueID: 101560960
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Pages: 1003247
PII: 1003247

Researcher Affiliations

Li, Yan
  • Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
Ma, Qingshan
  • Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
Shi, Xiaoyuan
  • Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
Liu, Guiqin
  • Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
Wang, Changfa
  • Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.

MeSH Terms

  • Male
  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Equidae
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
  • Cecum
  • Colon
  • Gastropoda
  • Coleoptera

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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