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Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere2019; 47(1); 25-34; doi: 10.1055/a-0816-7156

[Intravitreal injection of low-dose gentamicin for the treatment of ERU-affected horses].

Abstract: Aim of the study was the retrospective evaluation regarding vision and recurrence in equine recurrent uveitis (ERU)-affected horses treated by intravitreal low-dose gentamicin injection in Tierklinik Alt Sammit during the years 2006-2013. Methods: The study included 50 equine patients (61 ERU-affected eyes) of different age and breed with different stages of ERU. The solution for the injection contained 4.0 mg sterile gentamicin per eye. The injection was performed according to the procedure described by Pinard et al. in 2005 under general anaesthesia in lateral recumbency of the patient and within a non-inflammatory period. The patients were monitored over a postoperative period of 2-96 months (mean 25.8 months, median 15 months). Results: A total of 56 out of 61 treated eyes displayed no recurrence of ERU during the follow-up period. Recurrence of a single uveitic attack occurred in five eyes (8.2 %) within a period of 2 weeks to 28 months after surgery. Long-term stable vision was achieved in 43 out of 61 eyes (70.5 %). Postoperative blindness developed in 18 eyes, the majority hereof had already preoperatively displayed obvious pathologic ophthalmic findings with partly highly impaired vision. The main reason for a vision loss was the progression of a preoperatively existing cataract formation. Perioperative complications were limited to vitreous reflux into the subconjunctival space (two cases), subconjunctival haemorrhage in the area of the injection site (two cases), vitreous haemorrhage (one case) and two cases of immediate postoperative pain reaction associated with the intravitreal injection. Conclusions: The results of the therapy regarding the reduction of the recurrence rate and preservation of vision are comparable to those of vitrectomy. The complication rate is extremely low when using both the correct injection technique and amount of gentamicin solution. Therefore, the intravitreal injection of low-dose gentamicin is an inexpensive and uncomplicated alternative to vitrectomy. ZIEL: dieser Arbeit war die retrospektive Betrachtung der im Zeitraum 2006–2013 in der Tierklinik Alt Sammit mittels intravitrealer Low-Dose-Gentamicininjektion behandelten an ERU erkrankten Pferden hinsichtlich Visus und Rezidiven. Methods: Das Patientengut umfasste 50 Pferde (61 erkrankte Augen) unterschiedlichen Alters und Rasse, bei denen verschiedene Erkrankungsstadien vorlagen. Die Injektionslösung mit einem Gentamicingehalt von 4,0 mg pro Auge wurde jeweils unter sterilen Kautelen frisch hergestellt. Die Injektion erfolgte nach der von Pinard et al. 2005 beschriebenen Methode am Patienten in Allgemeinanästhesie und Seitenlage jeweils in einem entzündungsfreien Zeitraum. Der postoperative Beobachtungszeitraum betrug 2–96 Monate (Mittelwert 25,8 Monate, Median 15 Monate). Unassigned: 56 von 61 (91,8 %) behandelte Augen zeigten sich im Nachbeobachtungszeitraum rezidivfrei. Bei fünf Augen (8,2 %) traten in einem Zeitraum von 2 Wochen bis 28 Monate nach dem Eingriff Rezidive auf. Bei 43 von 61 Augen (70,5 %) blieb der Visus langfristig erhalten. Postoperativ kam es bei 18 Augen zur Erblindung, wobei jedoch ein Großteil hiervon bereits präoperativ deutliche pathologische Veränderungen mit zum Teil hochgradiger Visuseinschränkung aufgewiesen hatten. Hauptursache für einen Visusverlust war die Progression einer präoperativ bestehenden Kataraktbildung. Perioperative Komplikationen beschränkten sich auf Reflux von Glaskörpermaterial in den subkonjunktivalen Raum in zwei Fällen, zwei subkonjunktivale Blutungen im Bereich der Injektionsstelle, eine intravitreale Blutung sowie zwei Fälle mit einer unmittelbar postoperativ aufgetretenen Schmerzreaktion auf die intravitreale Injektion als solche. Unassigned: Die erzielten Therapieresultate lassen sich hinsichtlich Visus und Rezidiv mit denen der Vitrektomie vergleichen. Die Komplikationsrate ist bei korrekt angewendeter Injektionstechnik und -menge äußerst gering. Die intravitreale Low-Dose-Gentamicininjektion stellt damit eine kostengünstige und komplikationsarme Alternative zur Vitrektomie dar.
Publication Date: 2019-02-26 PubMed ID: 30808028DOI: 10.1055/a-0816-7156Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research evaluates the effectiveness of an intravitreal injection of low-dose gentamicin in treating equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) in horses. It found the therapy to have a great reduction of recurrence rate and preservation of vision, comparable to vitrectomy, with an extremely low complication rate. This makes the intravitreal injection of low-dose gentamicin a cost-effective and uncomplicated alternative to vitrectomy.

Study Details

  • The study retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of an intravitreal injection of low-dose gentamicin in treating equine recurrent uveitis (ERU), a common eye disease in horses that causes inflammation and can lead to blindness. The research took place at the Tierklinik Alt Sammit over the years 2006-2013.
  • The research involved 50 horses (61 ERU affected eyes) of varying age and breed, and at different stages of ERU. The injections contained 4.0mg of sterile gentamicin per eye and were performed under a specific procedure which involved the patient being under general anesthesia in lateral recumbency.

Results

  • Out of 61 treated eyes, 56 showed no recurrence of ERU during the follow-up period which lasted for 2-96 months after the operation. Five eyes experienced recurrence within 2 weeks to 28 months post-operation.
  • Long-term stable vision was achieved in 43 out of 61 eyes. Eighteen eyes developed blindness post-operation. The main cause of vision loss was attributed to the progression of a pre-existing cataract.

Complications

  • Complications were very limited, which included vitreous reflux into the subconjunctival space (two cases), subconjunctival hemorrhage at the injection site (two cases), vitreous haemorrhage (one case), and two cases of immediate postoperative pain associated with the intravitreal injection.

Conclusions

  • The results of the therapy concerning the reduction of the recurrence rate and preservation of vision were found to be comparable to those of a vitrectomy, a surgical procedure involving the removal of some or all of the vitreous humor from the eye.
  • The complication rate was very low when both the correct injection technique and the right amount of gentamicin solution were used. Therefore, the study concludes that intravitreal injections of low-dose gentamicin form an inexpensive and uncomplicated alternative to vitrectomy.

Cite This Article

APA
Kleinpeter A, Göpfert A, Köhler E, Brehm W. (2019). [Intravitreal injection of low-dose gentamicin for the treatment of ERU-affected horses]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere, 47(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0816-7156

Publication

ISSN: 2567-5834
NlmUniqueID: 9715779
Country: Germany
Language: ger
Volume: 47
Issue: 1
Pages: 25-34

Researcher Affiliations

Kleinpeter, André
  • Tierklinik Alt Sammit, Alt Sammit.
Göpfert, Agnes
  • Tierklinik Alt Sammit, Alt Sammit.
Köhler, Elisa
  • Tierklinik Alt Sammit, Alt Sammit.
Brehm, Walter
  • Klinik für Pferde, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Gentamicins / administration & dosage
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horses
  • Intravitreal Injections
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Uveitis / drug therapy
  • Uveitis / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

Die Autoren bestätigen, dass zu den Inhalten dieser Arbeit kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.