Investigations on the ability of clenbuterol hydrochloride to reduce clinical signs and inflammation associated with equine influenza A infection.
Abstract: Twenty-four Quarter Horse and Quarter Horse-cross yearlings were experimentally infected with influenza A virus (Influenza A/equine/Saskatoon/90 [H3N8]) by nebulisation. In a double blind controlled trial the horses were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 8 animals. Group 1 received a placebo, (carrier syrup), Group 2 the labelled dose and Group 3 twice the labelled dose of clenbuterol hydrochloride. All treatments were given per os b.i.d. for 10 days and started on the day of infection. The horses were monitored for clinical signs of influenza infection for 14 days. Bronchoalveolar lavages were performed 4 days prior to, and 5 and 13 days after infection. Cell counts and concentrations of prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2alpha in the lavage fluid were determined. Blood samples for haematology and serology were taken 4 days before, on the day of infection, 5, 9 and 13 days after infection. All horses experienced a typical influenza infection with fever, coughing and secondary bacterial infections with mainly Actinobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp. There was no statistically or clinically significant effect of treatment with clenbuterol hydrochloride on measured clinical or laboratory parameters within 14 days of infection.
Publication Date: 1999-04-23 PubMed ID: 10213429DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1999.tb03810.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
Summary
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The research article explores the effect of clenbuterol hydrochloride, a bronchodilator used in horses, on the symptoms and inflammation of equine influenza A infections. However, the study found no meaningful impact of the drug on the clinical or laboratory measured parameters within a 14-day window following an infection.
Study Design
In this study:
- 24 Quarter Horse and Quarter Horse-cross yearlings were intentionally infected with the influenza A virus (Influenza A/equine/Saskatoon/90 [H3N8]) through a method called nebulisation, which transforms liquid medicine into a fine mist that can be inhaled directly into the lungs. The infection was part of a randomized, double-blind control trial.
- Horses were sorted into three groups, each consisting of eight animals. Group 1 acted as a control group which received a placebo (carrier syrup), Group 2 received the standard labeled dose of clenbuterol hydrochloride, and Group 3 received twice the labeled dosage.
- All treatments were administered orally twice a day for 10 days, beginning from the day of infection.
Methods of Assessment
To determine the effect of the drug:
- The horses’ health was monitored for influenza symptoms for 14 days.
- Bronchoalveolar lavages, a procedure to obtain samples from the lower respiratory system, were conducted 4 days before the infection and on 5 and 13 days post-infection. In these samples, the cell counts and concentration of inflammatory indicators, prostaglandin E2 and F2alpha, were determined.
- Blood samples for hematology and serology were drawn 4 days prior to infection, on the day of infection, and 5, 9, and 13 days after infection.
Results
Findings from the study:
- All horses underwent a typical influenza infection, which involved symptoms like fever, coughing, and secondary bacterial infections mainly comprising of Actinobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp.
- No statistically or clinically significant impact was observed from the treatment with clenbuterol hydrochloride on any of the monitored clinical or laboratory parameters within 14 days of infection.
Cite This Article
APA
Kästner SB, Haines DM, Archer J, Townsend HG.
(1999).
Investigations on the ability of clenbuterol hydrochloride to reduce clinical signs and inflammation associated with equine influenza A infection.
Equine Vet J, 31(2), 160-168.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1999.tb03810.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Adrenergic beta-Agonists / therapeutic use
- Animals
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage / veterinary
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / microbiology
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / virology
- Clenbuterol / therapeutic use
- Cough / veterinary
- Dinoprost / analysis
- Dinoprostone / analysis
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Fever / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Influenza A virus
- Leukocyte Count / veterinary
- Male
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / drug therapy
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Söderholm S, Fu Y, Gaelings L, Belanov S, Yetukuri L, Berlinkov M, Cheltsov AV, Anders S, Aittokallio T, Nyman TA, Matikainen S, Kainov DE. Multi-Omics Studies towards Novel Modulators of Influenza A Virus-Host Interaction. Viruses 2016 Sep 29;8(10).
- Muranaka M, Yamanaka T, Katayama Y, Niwa H, Oku K, Matsumura T, Oyamada T. Time-related Pathological Changes in Horses Experimentally Inoculated with Equine Influenza A Virus. J Equine Sci 2012;23(2):17-26.
- Chambers TM. Equine Influenza. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2022 Jan 4;12(1).
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