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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Laminar inflammatory gene expression in the carbohydrate ove...
Equine veterinary journal2010; 43(1); 54-61; doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00122.x

Laminar inflammatory gene expression in the carbohydrate overload model of equine laminitis.

Abstract: There is a need to assess the laminar inflammatory response in a laminitis model that more closely resembles clinical cases of sepsis-related laminitis than the black walnut extract (BWE) model. Objective: To determine if a similar pattern of laminar inflammation, characterised by proinflammatory cytokine expression, occurs in the CHO model of laminitis as has been previously reported for the BWE model. Methods: Sixteen horses administered 17.6 g of starch (85% corn starch/15% wood flour)/kg bwt via nasogastric (NG) tube were anaesthetised either after developing a temperature>38.9°C (DEV group, n=8) or at onset of Obel grade 1 lameness (OG1 group, n=8). Control horses (CON group, n=8) were anaesthetised 24 h after NG administration of 6 l of deionised water. Laminar tissue was collected from horses while under anaesthesia, followed by humane euthanasia. Real time-quantitative PCR was used to assess laminar mRNA concentrations of genes involved in inflammatory signalling. Results: Increased mRNA concentrations (P<0.05) for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p35, COX-2, E-selectin and ICAM-1 were present in laminae from horses with OG1 lameness but not at the DEV time, when compared to the CON horses. No differences between the groups were found for IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ or COX-1 at either the DEV or OG1 time points. Conclusions: There was a notable difference in the temporal pattern of inflammatory events between the BWE and CHO models, with the majority of laminar inflammatory events appearing to occur at or near the onset of lameness in the CHO model, whereas many of these events peak earlier in the developmental stages in the BWE model. This suggests that, in addition to circulating inflammatory molecules, there may be a local phenomenon in the CHO model resulting in the simultaneous onset of multiple laminar events including endothelial activation, leucocyte emigration and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Conclusions: The similar (although somewhat delayed) inflammatory response in the CHO model of laminitis indicates that inflammatory signalling is a consistent entity in the pathophysiology of laminitis.
© 2010 EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2010-12-15 PubMed ID: 21143634DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00122.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The paper studies the laminar inflammatory response in a laminitis model that is more closely related to sepsis-related laminitis than previous models. It found that the inflammatory response, essentially the body’s way of handling injuries, is quite consistent in the pathology of laminitis.

Objective and Methodology

  • The study aimed to understand if a similar pattern of laminar inflammation, which is reflected by proinflammatory cytokine expression, happens in the CHO model of laminitis as previously reported for the BWE model.
  • To accomplish this, a carbohydrate overload model of laminitis in horses was used. Sixteen horses were given 17.6 g of starch per kg of body weight using a nasogastric (NG) tube.
  • These horses were anaesthetised after developing a temperature greater than 38.9°C (DEV group, n=8) or at the start of Obel grade 1 lameness (OG1 group, n=8).
  • Control horses (CON group, n=8) were anaesthetised 24 hours after NG administration of 6 litres of deionised water.
  • Laminar tissue was collected from these horses while under anaesthesia, followed by humane euthanasia.
  • Real-time quantitative PCR was used to assess laminar mRNA concentrations of genes involved in inflammatory signalling.

Results

  • The results showed increased mRNA concentrations for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p35, COX-2, E-selectin and ICAM-1 in laminae from horses with OG1 lameness, but not at the DEV time, when compared to the CON horses.
  • No differences between the groups were found for IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ or COX-1 at either the DEV or OG1 time points.

Conclusions

  • The study found a notable difference in the temporal pattern of inflammatory events between the BWE and CHO models. Most inflammatory events occur at or near the onset of lameness in the CHO model, whereas many of these events peak earlier in the developmental stages in the BWE model.
  • This suggests that, apart from circulating inflammatory molecules, there may be a local phenomenon in the CHO model resulting in the simultaneous onset of multiple laminar events such as endothelial activation, leucocyte emigration, and proinflammatory cytokine expression.
  • Thus, the study concluded that the similar (although somewhat delayed) inflammatory response in the CHO model of laminitis indicates that inflammatory signalling is a consistent entity in the pathophysiology of laminitis.

Cite This Article

APA
Leise BS, Faleiros RR, Watts M, Johnson PJ, Black SJ, Belknap JK. (2010). Laminar inflammatory gene expression in the carbohydrate overload model of equine laminitis. Equine Vet J, 43(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00122.x

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 0425-1644
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 43
Issue: 1
Pages: 54-61

Researcher Affiliations

Leise, B S
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, OH, USA.
Faleiros, R R
    Watts, M
      Johnson, P J
        Black, S J
          Belknap, J K

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Carbohydrates / toxicity
            • Cytokines / genetics
            • Cytokines / metabolism
            • Foot Diseases / metabolism
            • Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
            • Hoof and Claw / metabolism
            • Horse Diseases / metabolism
            • Horses
            • Inflammation / metabolism
            • Inflammation / veterinary
            • Polymerase Chain Reaction

            Citations

            This article has been cited 20 times.
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