Latent equid herpesviruses 1 and 4: detection and distinction using the polymerase chain reaction and co-cultivation from lymphoid tissues.
Abstract: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and co-cultivation were used to identify the lymphoreticular system as the site of latency of equid herpesvirus I (EHV-1). Primers for PCR were designed from aligned nucleotide sequences of the glycoprotein gB genes to amplify the same region of both the EHV-1 and EHV-4 genomes. Subsequent restriction digests using specific enzymes distinguished the amplified fragments of the EHV-1 genome from those of the EHV-4 genome. Ten weeks following an experimental infection of five ponies with EHV-1, latent virus was detected by PCR and recovered by co-cultivation, predominantly from lymphoid tissues draining the respiratory tract. Significantly, latent EHV-1 also persisted in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). Latent EHV-4, presumably from a preceding natural infection, was also detected in some tissues, including PBL, from all animals. Of additional interest was the recovery of EHV-1 and -4 only in the presence of the ubiquitous EHV-2.
Publication Date: 1992-02-01 PubMed ID: 1347078DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-73-2-261Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article focuses on the use of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and co-cultivation to detect and distinguish latent equid herpesviruses 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4) predominantly in lymphoid tissues linked to the respiratory tract.
Methodology
- The researchers used two main methods in this research – the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and co-cultivation. Both these methods were used to detect the location of latency of EHV-1 in the lymphoreticular system.
- The PCR method was designed using primers from aligned nucleotide sequences of the gB genes, which are able to amplify the same region of both the EHV-1 and EHV-4 genomes.
- A technique called restriction digests was used, employing specific enzymes to differentiate the amplified EHV-1 genome fragments from those of the EHV-4 genome.
Experiments and Findings
- An experimental infection was conducted on five ponies with EHV-1. Ten weeks later, it was found that the latent virus could be detected by PCR and recovered by co-cultivation, especially from lymphoid tissues flowing from the respiratory tract.
- Additionally, it was found that latent EHV-1 could also continue to persist inside peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL).
- Latent EHV-4, which is believed to have come from a previous natural infection, was also detected in several tissues, including the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in all the animals.
- Interestingly, EHV-1 and EHV-4 were only recovered when the widely present EHV-2 was also present.
Significance of the Research
- The results of this research provide useful information on the latency of EHV-1 and its detection methods, contributing to the larger field of equine health studies.
- The discovery of the persistence of latent EHV-1 in PBL could be particularly significant for future research in virus latency and reactivation strategies.
- The detection of latent EHV-4 alongside EHV-1 raises interesting points for further investigation regarding complex interaction and co-infection dynamics among equine herpesviruses.
Cite This Article
APA
Welch HM, Bridges CG, Lyon AM, Griffiths L, Edington N.
(1992).
Latent equid herpesviruses 1 and 4: detection and distinction using the polymerase chain reaction and co-cultivation from lymphoid tissues.
J Gen Virol, 73 ( Pt 2), 261-268.
https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-73-2-261 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Royal Veterinary College, London, U.K.
MeSH Terms
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- DNA, Viral / analysis
- DNA, Viral / chemistry
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Herpesviridae / genetics
- Herpesviridae / isolation & purification
- Herpesviridae Infections / microbiology
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / genetics
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / isolation & purification
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Leukocytes / microbiology
- Lymphoid Tissue / microbiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Respiratory System / microbiology
- Restriction Mapping
Citations
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