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Home / Equine Research Bank / Infect Immun / Leukocyte cytotoxicity in a persistent virus infection: pres...
Infection and immunity1979; 24(3); 628-636; doi: 10.1128/iai.24.3.628-636.1979

Leukocyte cytotoxicity in a persistent virus infection: presence of direct cytotoxicity but absence of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus.

Abstract: Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and direct cytotoxicity assays were performed with equine infectious anemia virus-infected target cells, equine leukocytes, and equine anti-equine infectious anemia virus antibody to determine whether these mechanisms play a role in controlling viral replication in equine infectious anemia. Direct cytotoxicity was observed by using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 7 of 10 infected horses. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was not observed. The antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity reaction in horses was then studied by using sheep erythrocytes and trinitrophenylated sheep erythrocytes as target cells. Lysis of these target cells was mediated by neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. The reaction was activated by antibody of the immunoglobulin G class but not by immunoglobulin G(T). Furthermore, immunoglobulin G(T) efficiently inhibited immunoglobulin G in this function.
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Publication Date: 1979-06-01 PubMed ID: 223981PubMed Central: PMC414352DOI: 10.1128/iai.24.3.628-636.1979Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research is an investigation into the cytotoxicity of leukocytes in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus, notably focusing on the effects of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and direct cytotoxicity, revealing incidences of direct cytotoxicity with lack of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Objective of the Study

  • The research aimed to explore the role of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and direct cytotoxicity in controlling viral replication in horses with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV).

Methodology

  • The researchers conducted cytotoxicity assays using EIAV-infected target cells, equine leukocytes, and equine anti-EIAV antibody.
  • The study featured sheep erythrocytes and trinitrophenylated sheep erythrocytes as target cells, which were examined in the ADCC reaction test using horse cells.

Findings

  • Direct cytotoxicity was observed in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 7 out of 10 infected horses, indicating that these cells had the ability to kill EIAV-infected cells directly.
  • Contrarily, no ADCC was witnessed, suggesting that the killing of virus-infected cells by immune cells, triggered by the binding of antibodies to these infected cells, was not present in these horses.
  • The ADCC reaction was evaluated using sheep red blood cells, and it was found that the lysis of these targeted cells was mediated by neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes in the horses.
  • The reaction was initiated by the antibody of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) class and not by IgG(T). It was also found that IgG(T) effectively inhibited IgG in this function. This suggests that IgG antibodies might play a role in cellular cytotoxicity reaction, but this isn’t the case when the virus is involved.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes that direct cytotoxicity, but not antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, is present in horses infected with EIAV. This importantly contributes to the understanding of how the horse immune system responds to EIAV infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Fujimiya Y, Perryman LE, Crawford TB. (1979). Leukocyte cytotoxicity in a persistent virus infection: presence of direct cytotoxicity but absence of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus. Infect Immun, 24(3), 628-636. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.24.3.628-636.1979

Publication

Infection and immunity
ISSN: 0019-9567
NlmUniqueID: 0246127
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 24
Issue: 3
Pages: 628-636

Researcher Affiliations

Fujimiya, Y
    Perryman, L E
      Crawford, T B

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Antibodies, Viral
        • Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity
        • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
        • Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
        • Horses
        • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
        • Leukocytes / immunology
        • Lymphocytes / immunology
        • Monocytes / immunology
        • Neutrophils / immunology

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 8 times.
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