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Home / Equine Research Bank / Nat Genet / Limited number of patrilines in horse domestication.
Nature genetics2004; 36(4); 335-336; doi: 10.1038/ng1326

Limited number of patrilines in horse domestication.

Abstract: Genetic studies using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have identified extensive matrilinear diversity among domestic horses. Here, we show that this high degree of polymorphism is not matched by a corresponding patrilinear diversity of the male-specific Y chromosome. In fact, a screening for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 14.3 kb of noncoding Y chromosome sequence among 52 male horses of 15 different breeds did not identify a single segregation site. These observations are consistent with a strong sex-bias in the domestication process, with few stallions contributing genetically to the domestic horse.
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Publication Date: 2004-03-14 PubMed ID: 15034578DOI: 10.1038/ng1326Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the lack of genetic diversity in the male lineage of domestic horses, despite significant diversity in the female lineage, suggesting a strong gender bias during horse domestication wherein a few male horses contributed to the genetic pool.

Method and Research

  • The researchers used genetic studies with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is only passed from mother to offspring, to identify significant diversity among domestic horses. This indicates a wide variety of female horses were involved in horse domestication.
  • In contrast, the team examined the Y chromosome- which is present only in males and passes from father to son- in 14.3 kb of noncoding Y chromosome sequence among 52 male horses from 15 different breeds. Here they looked for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), variants in a single DNA building block or nucleotide, which can provide significant insight into genetic diversity.

Findings & Implications

  • The researchers found that not a single segregation site (location of an SNP) was identified in the Y-chromosome of the horses. This strongly suggests a lack of patrilineal (or male) diversity in horse domestication.
  • This disparity between high female diversity and low male diversity hints a sex-bias during horse domestication, where a few stallions have contributed to the genetic heritage of the domestic horse.
  • The study therefore gives important insights into the history of horse domestication and the fundamental role a few male horses have played. It can further the understanding of horse evolution and breeding practices.

Overall Summary

  • The study illustrates the unequal contribution of male and female horses in genetic diversity, where the genetic contribution from a limited number of stallions appears to dominate the Y-chromosomes of domestic horses today.
  • The results contribute to the understanding of horse domestication and breed development, demonstrating the dominant effect a few male lineages had on the genetic makeup of domestic horses. Future research can expound upon these findings and explore how this gender bias in domestication has influenced current horse populations and possibly other domesticated species.

Cite This Article

APA
Lindgren G, Backström N, Swinburne J, Hellborg L, Einarsson A, Sandberg K, Cothran G, Vilà C, Binns M, Ellegren H. (2004). Limited number of patrilines in horse domestication. Nat Genet, 36(4), 335-336. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1326

Publication

Nature genetics
ISSN: 1061-4036
NlmUniqueID: 9216904
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 36
Issue: 4
Pages: 335-336

Researcher Affiliations

Lindgren, Gabriella
  • Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
Backström, Niclas
    Swinburne, June
      Hellborg, Linda
        Einarsson, Annika
          Sandberg, Kaj
            Cothran, Gus
              Vilà, Carles
                Binns, Matthew
                  Ellegren, Hans

                    MeSH Terms

                    • Animals
                    • Female
                    • Genetic Markers
                    • Horses / genetics
                    • Y Chromosome

                    Citations

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