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Virus research2007; 125(1); 69-78; doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2006.12.009

Live-attenuated recombinant equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) induces a neutralizing antibody response against West Nile virus (WNV).

Abstract: The immunogenicity in horses of a recombinant equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) vaccine expressing West Nile virus (WNV) prM and E proteins was studied. To construct the recombinant EHV-1, two-step en passant mutagenesis was employed for manipulation of a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) of vaccine strain RacH. Recombinant EHV-1 stably expressed the WNV prM and E proteins as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blotting. In addition, growth properties in vitro of the EHV-1/WNV recombinant were found to not be significantly different from those of the parental virus. To determine if vaccination of horses induces an antibody response, 10 horses were allocated in two groups. Group A consisted of six horses that were vaccinated three times with the recombinant EHV-1/WNV virus in 28- to 31-day intervals. Group B consisted of four horses that were sham-vaccinated using the same regimen. Serum was collected on days 0, 31, 45 and 66. Plaque reduction neutralization test and IgG(T)- and IgGb-specific WNV E antibody-capture ELISAs were used. After a single vaccination (day 31), at least four of the six horses from group A had detectable levels of serum neutralizing antibodies against WNV, and three horses retained SN titers until the end of the study. None of the horses in the control group B sero-converted. On days 31 and 45, five of the six horses in group A had a marked increase of WNV-specific IgG(T), and at least four exhibited modestly elevated WNV-specific IgGb titers. From the results, we concluded that the EHV-1 vectored virus is able to express the WNV structural proteins and that vaccination of horses results in the induction of WNV E-protein-specific IgG(T), IgGb, and neutralizing antibodies.
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Publication Date: 2007-01-22 PubMed ID: 17241683DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2006.12.009Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research was focused on the development and testing of a hybrid vaccine, created from the equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) carrying the proteins of West Nile virus (WNV). The study confirmed that the vaccine caused an immune response in horses, specifically the production of antibodies that can neutralise West Nile virus.

Development of the Hybrid Vaccine

  • The researchers built the hybrid vaccine by integrating the proteins of the West Nile virus into the equine herpesvirus type 1.
  • To do this, a method known as two-step en passant mutagenesis was used.
  • This method involved manipulating a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) of the RacH vaccine strain to generate a recombinant EHV-1.
  • The researchers confirmed the stable expression of West Nile virus proteins prM and E in the recombinant EHV-1 via indirect immunofluorescence and Western blotting.
  • The modified EHV-1 maintained similar in vitro growth properties to the original virus, confirming the genetic modification didn’t significantly alter the virus’s properties.

Vaccination and Serum Analysis

  • 10 horses were divided into two groups for the experiment, with group A receiving three doses of the recombinant EHV-1/WNV vaccine and group B (control group) being sham-vaccinated using the same regimen.
  • After a single dose, four out of six vaccinated horses demonstrated detectable levels of serum neutralizing antibodies against WNV. Three of these horses retained the serum neutralizing (SN) titers until the study’s conclusion.
  • Meanwhile, none of the horses from the control group demonstrated a similar response.
  • The research team also examined other types of antibodies (IgG(T) and IgGb), finding that five out of six vaccinated horses displayed significantly increased WNV-specific IgG(T) on days 31 and 45. Similarly, at least four of the vaccinated horses showed elevated WNV-specific IgGb titers.

Conclusions

  • The researchers concluded that the equine herpesvirus type 1 vectored virus can effectively express West Nile virus structural proteins.
  • They further established that vaccination of horses with this recombinant vaccine resulted in the production of WNV E-protein-specific IgG(T), IgGb, and neutralizing antibodies.
  • These findings suggest that the hybrid vaccine is a promising tool in the battle against West Nile virus in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Rosas CT, Tischer BK, Perkins GA, Wagner B, Goodman LB, Osterrieder N. (2007). Live-attenuated recombinant equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) induces a neutralizing antibody response against West Nile virus (WNV). Virus Res, 125(1), 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2006.12.009

Publication

Virus research
ISSN: 0168-1702
NlmUniqueID: 8410979
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 125
Issue: 1
Pages: 69-78

Researcher Affiliations

Rosas, Cristina T
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Tischer, B Karsten
    Perkins, Gillian A
      Wagner, Bettina
        Goodman, Laura B
          Osterrieder, Nikolaus

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Antibodies, Viral / blood
            • Antibody Formation
            • Cell Line
            • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
            • Horse Diseases / immunology
            • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
            • Horse Diseases / virology
            • Horses / immunology
            • Neutralization Tests
            • Recombinant Proteins
            • Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
            • Viral Vaccines / therapeutic use
            • West Nile Fever / immunology
            • West Nile Fever / veterinary
            • West Nile virus / immunology
            • West Nile virus / isolation & purification

            Grant Funding

            • 5 R21 AI061412 / NIAID NIH HHS

            Citations

            This article has been cited 10 times.
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