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Home / Equine Research Bank / Cytokine / Long-term cytokine and growth factor release from equine pla...
Cytokine2017; 97; 149-155; doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.06.011

Long-term cytokine and growth factor release from equine platelet-rich fibrin clots obtained with two different centrifugation protocols.

Abstract: To compare the temporal release (over three weeks) of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) from two platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) preparations from equine blood obtained at either 240g/8min or 416g/10min. Whole blood from 10 horses was used to obtain PRF clots by two different centrifugation protocols. After 1h of rest, PRF clots were deposited in wells with culture medium, which was changed at 6h, 24h and then every 48h to 21days. Cytokines and GFs were measured by ELISA at 1h (serum supernatants from PRF clots) and all time points of culture medium change. A negative control (plasma) and a positive control (blood lysate) were also included. There were no relevant differences between the two protocols for the temporal release of proteins. However, a significant (p=0.01) effect of time was noted. All cytokines were detected after 6h of PRF clot culture until day 21. GF were detected at 1h until day 21. The concentrations for these proteins diminished gradually over time. A highly significant (p=0.01) correlation was noticed between all the proteins evaluated. Leukocytes enmeshed in PRF clots were able to produce cytokines, TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB. These findings demonstrate a paramount role of leukocytes in wound healing induced or modified by PRF clots in mammals.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2017-06-23 PubMed ID: 28648869DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.06.011Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the long-term release of certain cytokines and growth factors from platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) clots in horses using two different centrifugation methods. The study intended to understand whether differences existed between the two methods and how long these substances were released, with results indicating that the crucial blood cells, leukocytes, play a significant role in wound healing.

Research Methodology

  • This study used blood samples from 10 horses to create PRF clots. PRF clots are a type of blood clot rich in platelets and fibrin, used in regenerative therapies to facilitate wound healing.
  • The PRF clots were obtained using two different centrifugation protocols. In each case, the blood samples were subjected to centrifugal forces to separate the blood into various components. Centrifugation was carried out at two conditions – 240g/8min or 416g/10min.
  • After resting the PRF clots for 1 hour, they were kept in wells with a culture medium. The culture medium was replaced at various time intervals up to 21 days.
  • The release of a variety of cytokines and growth factors was measured over time using ELISA, a common laboratory technique to detect and measure these substances. These included tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β).

Findings

  • There were no significant differences between the two centrifugation protocols in terms of the temporal release of cytokine and growth factors.
  • All cytokines were detected after 6 hours of PRF clot culture and persisted until day 21, implying that these factors are released over a prolonged period from the PRF clots.
  • While growth factors were detected immediately (at 1 hour) and continued till the end of the experimental period (day 21), the concentrations of these proteins declined gradually over time.
  • A highly significant correlation was detected between all the proteins assessed, suggesting their interdependent roles in wound healing and inflammation.
  • Leukocytes, a type of white blood cell enmeshed in PRF clots, were found to produce cytokines, TGF-β and PDGF-BB, pointing towards the vital role these cells play in wound healing procedures where PRF clots are used.

Conclusion

  • The researchers concluded that the centrifugation protocol used to create PRF clots doesn’t significantly affect the release of essential cytokines and growth factors. These substances are released over an extended period, which is beneficial for the wound healing process.
  • Most importantly, the study highlights the crucial role of leukocytes retained within PRF clots in the production and release of these healing and growth factors, attesting to the potential of PRF clots in therapeutic applications for wound healing.

Cite This Article

APA
Jiménez-Aristizabal RF, López C, Álvarez ME, Giraldo C, Prades M, Carmona JU. (2017). Long-term cytokine and growth factor release from equine platelet-rich fibrin clots obtained with two different centrifugation protocols. Cytokine, 97, 149-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2017.06.011

Publication

Cytokine
ISSN: 1096-0023
NlmUniqueID: 9005353
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 97
Pages: 149-155

Researcher Affiliations

Jiménez-Aristizabal, Román F
  • Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals. Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
López, Catalina
  • Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Álvarez, María E
  • Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Giraldo, Carlos
  • Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Prades, Marta
  • Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals. Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
Carmona, Jorge U
  • Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia. Electronic address: carmona@ucaldas.edu.co.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Becaplermin
  • Blood Platelets / immunology
  • Centrifugation
  • Cytokines / isolation & purification
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / isolation & purification
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • Interleukin-4 / metabolism
  • Leukocytes / immunology
  • Platelet-Rich Fibrin / immunology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / metabolism
  • Time Factors
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / immunology
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • Wound Healing

Citations

This article has been cited 19 times.
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