Long-term retrospective study of 52 horses with sinunasal cysts.
Abstract: The spectrum of clinical presentation, methods of diagnosis, management and prognosis in cases of sinunasal cysts (SNCs) requires more extensive study. Despite the extensive nature of SNCs, the prognosis for afflicted horses appears to have improved since earlier studies were conducted. Objective: To evaluate prognosis and cosmetic outcome of surgical ablation in 52 cases of SNCs. Methods: Fifty-two case records (1982-2005) of horses affected with SNCs were retrieved from the archives. Subject details, clinical signs, diagnostic techniques, surgical management and post surgical complications were extracted. Owners and referring veterinarians were contacted to assess the results of treatment. Results: There was no biphasic age distribution. The major presenting signs in descending order of frequency were facial swelling, mucopurulent nasal discharge, nasal airflow obstruction and abnormal respiratory noise. Common endoscopic findings included narrowed nasal meati, a cyst in the nasal cavity and a cyst visible caudal to the nasal septum viewed from the contralateral unaffected nasal meatus. Typical radiological signs included a discrete mass in the sinunasal region, a diffuse increase in opacity over the sinunasal region, free fluid lines, nasal septal deviation, expansion of the ventral conchal sinus and distortion of dental apices. Cyst extirpation using an osteoplastic flap provided a successful outcome. Forty-five of 48 horses showed complete resolution of clinical signs after subtotal or total extirpation of the cyst wall. Follow-up information was not available for the other 3 horses. Thirty-nine of 45 horses had a good to fair cosmetic appearance, judged to be good in 26 horses, fair in 13 and poor in 6. Results confirmed that the prognosis for full recovery has improved since a previous report of 15 cases. Conclusions: Equine sinunasal cysts may arise in horses of any age; presenting signs should alert clinicians to their likely presence. A discrete well-circumscribed mass found during radiographic examination provides supporting evidence of a cyst. The vivid yellow, translucent, seromucoid fluid aspirated from cysts is characteristic of the condition.
Publication Date: 2006-05-19 PubMed ID: 16706271DOI: 10.2746/042516406776866372Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research paper is a long-term study which reviews 52 cases of horses suffering from sinunasal cysts and the treatment outcomes, aiming to improve understanding and prognosis of this condition.
Objective and Methods
- The objective of the study was to evaluate prognosis and cosmetic result of surgical removal in 52 cases of sinunasal cysts (SNCs).
- The researchers used records from 1982 to 2005 of horses affected by SNCs.
- Information about the subjects, their symptoms, the methods used to diagnose the condition, surgical procedures applied, and any complications after the surgery were recorded.
- The horse owners and veterinarians were contacted to evaluate the treatment outcomes.
Results
- The study found no age-based distribution of the condition.
- The most frequently noticed symptoms were facial swelling, a kind of nasal discharge, blocked nasal airflow, and unusual respiratory sounds.
- Endoscopic examinations usually revealed a narrowed nasal passage, a cyst in the nasal cavity, and a cyst visible behind the nasal septum seen from the unaffected nasal passage on the opposite side.
- Radiology usually showed a distinct mass in the sinunasal region, a diffused increase in opacity over the region, free fluid lines, deviated nasal septum, expanded ventral conchal sinus, and distorted dental roots.
- Removal of the cyst using an osteoplastic flap technique proved successful, with 45 out of 48 horses showing complete resolution of clinical signs after partial or full removal of the cyst wall.
- The cosmetic results were good to fair in 39 out of 45 horses, with 26 judged as ‘good’, 13 as ‘fair’, and 6 as ‘poor’.
- Follow-up information was not available for the other 3 horses.
Conclusion
- The study concluded that sinunasal cysts in horses can occur at any age and certain symptoms should alert clinicians to the possible presence of this condition.
- A distinct mass found during radiographic scans could hint towards the presence of a cyst.
- The signature yellow, translucent, seromucoid fluid aspirated from the cysts is a characteristic feature of this condition.
- The results of the study confirmed that the outlook for full recovery of the horses from this condition has improved since the 15-case report that was previously published.
Cite This Article
APA
Woodford NS, Lane JG.
(2006).
Long-term retrospective study of 52 horses with sinunasal cysts.
Equine Vet J, 38(3), 198-202.
https://doi.org/10.2746/042516406776866372 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Cysts / diagnosis
- Cysts / surgery
- Cysts / veterinary
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Female
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / diagnosis
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / surgery
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases / veterinary
- Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
- Postoperative Complications / veterinary
- Prognosis
- Retrospective Studies
- Surgical Flaps / veterinary
- Treatment Outcome
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Verwilghen D, Easley J, Zwick T, Uhlhorn M, Grulke S, Simhofer H, Townsend N, Liyou O, Bodeus F, Zani DD, Vlaminck L, Pearce C, Staszyk C, Bienert-Zeit A. Equine Suture Exostosis: A Review of Cases from a Multicenter Retrospective Study. Vet Sci 2022 Jul 17;9(7).
- Pezzanite LM, Hackett ES, McCready E, Easley JT. Outcomes following single, caudally based bilateral versus unilateral frontonasal sinusotomy for treatment of equine paranasal sinus disease. Vet Med Sci 2021 Nov;7(6):2209-2218.
- Vlaminck L, Pollaris E, Vanderperren K, Tremaine WH, Raes E. Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Primary Sino-Nasal Obstruction in Miniature Horse Breeds: Long-Term Follow-Up of Seven Cases. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:680150.
- Poore LA, Le Roux C, Carstens A. Trauma-induced exostosis of multiple suture lines causing partial bilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a 7-year-old Thoroughbred mare. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2019 Sep 26;90(0):e1-e7.
- Gergeleit H, Verspohl J, Rohde J, Rohn K, Ohnesorge B, Bienert-Zeit A. A prospective study on the microbiological examination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses in horses in health and disease. Acta Vet Scand 2018 Jul 5;60(1):43.
- Silva LC, Zoppa AL, Fernandes WR, Baccarin RY, Machado TS. Bilateral sinus cysts in a filly treated by endoscopic sinus surgery. Can Vet J 2009 Apr;50(4):417-20.
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