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Journal of virology1995; 69(1); 606-612; doi: 10.1128/JVI.69.1.606-612.1995

Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in horses infected with equine herpesvirus 1.

Abstract: An experimental system that permits sensitive and reproducible detection of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the horse was developed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from immune horses were restimulated in vitro by culture with live EHV-1. Cytotoxic activity against virus-infected, pokeweed mitogen-stimulated lymphoblast targets was assessed in a 4-h 51Cr release assay. The optimal conditions for in vitro stimulation of equine memory CTLs and for preparation of EHV-1-infected target cells expressing viral antigens were systematically identified by individually testing the effects of variations in responder cell concentration, culture medium composition, serum type, incubation time, antigen form, and exogenous mediator content. By using this optimized system for generation and assay of equine CTLs, the development of EHV-1-specific cytotoxic responses in 12 horses was evaluated after experimental viral infection. CTLs with the capacity for killing EHV-1-infected target cells were detected in equine PBMC as early as 1 week postinfection, reached maximal levels by 2 to 3 weeks, and remained detectable for a year after infection. Equine effector cells mediating lysis of EHV-1-infected targets were predominantly CD8+ T lymphocytes, and the cytotoxicity was specific for virus and restricted by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. The results define a reliable and convenient experimental system for generation and assay of EHV-1 CTLs which can now be used for more-detailed characterization of the equine CTL response to infection by this herpesvirus pathogen.
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Publication Date: 1995-01-01 PubMed ID: 7983765PubMed Central: PMC188619DOI: 10.1128/JVI.69.1.606-612.1995Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study discusses the creation of an experimental system for the sensitive and accurate detection of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in horses. The article also explores how CTLs, which are crucial for killing infected cells, can develop and respond to EHV-1 infection.

Design of Experiment

  • The researchers developed a system to detect and measure Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in horses. This involved the collection of Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from veteran horses, which were later cultured with live EHV-1.
  • The cytotoxic activity against EHV-1-infected cells was assessed using a 51Cr release assay over a 4-hour period. This allowed the team to determine how well the CTLs were able to destroy infected cells.

Optimization of Experimental Conditions

  • The team systematically identified the optimal conditions for memory CTL stimulation and the preparation of EHV-1-infected cells.
  • This involved testing various aspects such as the concentration of responder cells, the composition of the culture medium, the type of serum used, incubation time, antigen form, and the content of exogenous mediators.

Development and Evaluation of CTL Responses

  • Using this optimized system, the team assessed the development of EHV-1-specific CTL responses in 12 horses following experimental viral infection.
  • They discovered that CTLs capable of destroying EHV-1-infected cells were detectable in horse PBMC as early as 1 week post-infection. Their levels peaked by the 2nd or 3rd week and remained detectable for a year following the infection.

Characteristics of CTLs

  • Upon further examination, the researchers found that the effector cells mediating the lysis of EHV-1 infected cells were predominantly CD8+ T lymphocytes.
  • Furthermore, they discovered that the cytotoxicity was limited to the virus and was restricted by the so-called major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. This demonstrates the specificity and selectivity of the immune response triggered by EHV-1 infection.

Conclusion & Implications

  • The findings from this study have established a reliable system for generating and assaying EHV-1 specific CTLs. This can now be used to further study and understand the equine CTL response to this particular pathogen.
  • Given that EHV-1 is a common virus affecting horses, this research has valuable implications for improving our understanding of equine immune responses and potentially informing future treatment strategies.

Cite This Article

APA
Allen G, Yeargan M, Costa LR, Cross R. (1995). Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in horses infected with equine herpesvirus 1. J Virol, 69(1), 606-612. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.69.1.606-612.1995

Publication

Journal of virology
ISSN: 0022-538X
NlmUniqueID: 0113724
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 69
Issue: 1
Pages: 606-612

Researcher Affiliations

Allen, G
  • Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546.
Yeargan, M
    Costa, L R
      Cross, R

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
        • Female
        • Herpesviridae Infections / blood
        • Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
        • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
        • Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
        • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / immunology
        • Horses
        • Lymphocyte Activation
        • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology

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