Markers of systemic inflammation in horses with heaves.
Abstract: Systemic inflammation in horses with heaves is poorly characterized. Objective: To assess acute phase proteins (APP) and inflammatory cytokine profiles in serum of healthy horses and horses with heaves. Methods: Six healthy horses and 6 heaves-affected horses belonging to the University of Montreal. Methods: Prospective, observational study. Healthy and heaves-affected control horses were exposed to a 30-day natural challenge with hay and straw to induce clinical exacerbation of heaves. Serum samples were obtained by venipuncture before (T0) as well as after 7 (T7) and 30 days (T30) of stabling. Serum APP (haptoglobin, serum amyloid A protein [SAA] and C-reactive protein [CRP]) and cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, and CCL-2) were measured using singleplex or multiplex ELISA. Results: Serum haptoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in heaves-affected horses at all time points with no overlap with those of healthy controls. They were also significantly increased by antigen challenge in both controls (T7) and horses with heaves (T7 and T30). Serum SAA was detected more frequently in heaves-affected horses compared with healthy controls at T7. There was no difference in serum concentrations of CRP, IL-10, IFN-γ, and CCL-2 between groups, whereas IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-α remained undetectable in all samples. Conclusions: In heaves, haptoglobin is a marker of both acute and chronic systemic inflammation, whereas high concentrations of SAA indicate acute inflammation.
Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Publication Date: 2012-08-27 PubMed ID: 22925172DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00993.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Acute Phase Proteins
- Biomarkers
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Study
- Cytokines
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Immune Response
- Immune System
- Inflammation
- Inflammatory Response
- Observational Study
- Recurrent Airway Obstruction
- Respiratory Health
- Serum
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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This research investigates systemic inflammation in horses with a respiratory condition called heaves and identifies two markers – haptoglobin and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) – that indicate acute and chronic inflammation in these horses.
Objective and Methodology
- The goal of this study was to better understand systemic inflammation in horses suffering from heaves by examining acute phase proteins (APP) and different types of cytokines in the horse’s serum. It compared measurements from six healthy horses with six horses affected by heaves.
- The horses were part of a controlled observational study at the University of Montreal. Both healthy and heaves-affected horses were exposed to hay and straw for a period of 30 days to trigger clinical signs of heaves.
- Serum samples were collected before (T0), 7 days (T7) and 30 days (T30) after the beginning of the exposure. Four types of APPs (haptoglobin, serum amyloid A protein [SAA], and C-reactive protein [CRP]), and six different cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, and CCL-2) were measured in each serum sample using ELISA, a type of biochemical test.
Results
- The results showed significantly higher haptoglobin concentrations in horses with heaves at all time points compared to healthy horses. Haptoglobin levels also increased in both heaves-affected and control horses in response to the 30-day exposure to hay and straw.
- The protein SAA was detected more often in horses with heaves at T7, whereas no difference was found in concentrations of CRP, IL-10, IFN-γ, and CCL-2, and IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-α were undetectable in all samples.
Conclusion
- The research concludes that haptoglobin can be used as a consistent marker for both acute and chronic systemic inflammation in horses with heaves. SAA, on the other hand, indicates acute inflammation.
These insights can be helpful in diagnosing and managing horses with heaves, by identifying and monitoring inflammation in their bodies.
Cite This Article
APA
Lavoie-Lamoureux A, Leclere M, Lemos K, Wagner B, Lavoie JP.
(2012).
Markers of systemic inflammation in horses with heaves.
J Vet Intern Med, 26(6), 1419-1426.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00993.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Q, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomarkers / blood
- Blood Proteins / metabolism
- Cytokines / blood
- Cytokines / genetics
- Cytokines / metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horses
- Inflammation / blood
- Inflammation / veterinary
- Male
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / blood
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / veterinary
- Seasons
Citations
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