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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Measurement of C-peptide concentrations and responses to som...
Equine veterinary journal2010; 42(2); 149-155; doi: 10.2746/042516409X478497

Measurement of C-peptide concentrations and responses to somatostatin, glucose infusion, and insulin resistance in horses.

Abstract: Hyperinsulinaemia is detected in horses with insulin resistance (IR) and has previously been attributed to increased pancreatic insulin secretion. Connecting peptide (C-peptide) can be measured to assess pancreatic function because it is secreted in equimolar amounts with insulin and does not undergo hepatic clearance. Objective: A human double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) detects C-peptide in equine serum and concentrations would reflect responses to different stimuli and conditions. Methods: A validation procedure was performed to assess the RIA. Six mature mares were selected and somatostatin administered i.v. as a primed continuous rate infusion, followed by 50 nmol human C-peptide i.v. Insulin and C-peptide concentrations were measured in horses (n = 6) undergoing an insulin-modified frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test, and in horses with insulin resistance (n = 10) or normal insulin sensitivity (n = 20). Results: A human RIA was validated for use with equine sera. Endogenous C-peptide secretion was suppressed by somatostatin and median (range) clearance rate was 0.83 (0.15-1.61) ml/min/kg bwt. Mean + or - s.d. C-peptide-to-insulin ratio significantly (P = 0.004) decreased during the glucose tolerance test from 3.60 + or - 1.95 prior to infusion to 1.03 + or - 0.18 during the first 20 min following dextrose administration. Median C-peptide and insulin concentrations were 1.5- and 9.5-fold higher, respectively in horses with IR, compared with healthy horses. Conclusions: Endogenous C-peptide secretion decreases in response to somatostatin and increases after dextrose infusion. Results suggest that relative insulin clearance decreases as pancreatic secretion increases in response to dextrose infusion. Hyperinsulinaemia in insulin resistant horses may be associated with both increased insulin secretion and decreased insulin clearance. Conclusions: Both C-peptide and insulin concentrations should be measured to assess pancreatic secretion and insulin clearance in horses.
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Publication Date: 2010-02-17 PubMed ID: 20156251DOI: 10.2746/042516409X478497Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the role of the Connecting Peptide (C-peptide) in horses with insulin resistance, utilizing a radioimmunoassay (RIA) to measure C-peptide responses to different stimuli and conditions. The study finds that hyperinsulinaemia in insulin resistant horses may be associated with both increased insulin secretion and decreased insulin clearance.

Research Objective and Methods

  • The core goal of this research was to assess pancreatic function in insulin-resistant horses via C-peptide measurement, and to analyze how these concentrations respond to varying stimuli and conditions.
  • The study employed a human double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA), carried out a validation procedure to ensure the RIA’s effectiveness with equine serum.
  • For the investigation, six mature mares were chosen and administered somatostatin intravenously. C-peptide measurements were thereafter conducted on horses with normal insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance.

Results

  • The results confirmed that the human RIA was compatible and effective with equine serum.
  • The findings showed that endogenous C-peptide production was suppressed by somatostatin, and the median clearance rate, a measure of how quickly a drug is eliminated, was determined.
  • The C-peptide-to-insulin ratio was found to significantly decrease during the glucose tolerance test, which suggests that as pancreatic secretion rises due to dextrose infusion, insulin clearance decreases.
  • The concentrations of C-peptide and insulin were considerably higher in insulin-resistant horses than in the healthy ones.

Conclusions

  • The study concluded that hyperinsulinaemia in insulin-resistant horses is possibly a result of both increased insulin secretion and a decrease in insulin clearance.
  • The findings suggest that measuring both C-peptide and insulin concentrations can effectively assess pancreatic secretion and insulin clearance in horses.
  • This could pave the way for more in-depth studies on diabetes management in horses, and the findings could potentially be applied to other species, including humans.

Cite This Article

APA
Tóth F, Frank N, Martin-Jiménez T, Elliott SB, Geor RJ, Boston RC. (2010). Measurement of C-peptide concentrations and responses to somatostatin, glucose infusion, and insulin resistance in horses. Equine Vet J, 42(2), 149-155. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516409X478497

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 0425-1644
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 42
Issue: 2
Pages: 149-155

Researcher Affiliations

Tóth, F
  • The Departments of Large Animal Clinical Sciences and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
Frank, N
    Martin-Jiménez, T
      Elliott, S B
        Geor, R J
          Boston, R C

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • C-Peptide / blood
            • C-Peptide / metabolism
            • Female
            • Glucose / pharmacology
            • Hormones / pharmacology
            • Horses
            • Insulin / blood
            • Insulin / metabolism
            • Insulin Resistance / physiology
            • Pancreas / drug effects
            • Reproducibility of Results
            • Somatostatin / pharmacology

            Citations

            This article has been cited 12 times.
            1. Go YY, Hazard NW, Balasuriya UBR, Chapman AM, Fitton NS, Kenéz Á, Andrews FM. Clinical evaluation of the Immulite® 1000 chemiluminescent immunoassay for measurement of equine serum insulin.. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1018230.
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              doi: 10.1111/jvim.15423pubmed: 30724412google scholar: lookup
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              doi: 10.1111/jvim.14799pubmed: 28796307google scholar: lookup
            10. Frank N, Hermida P, Sanchez-Londoño A, Singh R, Gradil CM, Uricchio CK. Blood Glucose and Insulin Concentrations after Octreotide Administration in Horses With Insulin Dysregulation.. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Jul;31(4):1188-1192.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.14718pubmed: 28503791google scholar: lookup
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              doi: 10.1186/s13028-016-0246-zpubmed: 27766982google scholar: lookup
            12. Dunbar LK, Mielnicki KA, Dembek KA, Toribio RE, Burns TA. Evaluation of Four Diagnostic Tests for Insulin Dysregulation in Adult Light-Breed Horses.. J Vet Intern Med 2016 May;30(3):885-91.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.13934pubmed: 27013065google scholar: lookup
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