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Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire1992; 56(4); 331-338;

Measurement of the cytotoxic effects of different strains of Mycoplasma equigenitalium on the equine uterine tube using a calmodulin assay.

Abstract: The cytopathic effects induced by five strains of Mycoplasma equigenitalium for cells of equine uterine tube explants were tested by measuring changes in cellular and extracellular concentrations of calmodulin (CaM). Calmodulin concentrations in samples of total homogenate (TH) and total homogenate supernates (THS) of the infected equine uterine tube explants were significantly lower than respective measurements on noninfected controls. In tissue culture medium fractions (TCM) of some infected explants, CaM concentrations were significantly higher than noninfected controls (p > 0.95). The results suggest that M. equigenitalium colonization on ciliated cells of the equine uterine tube can affect the permeability of the cell membrane leading to leakage or release of CaM during cell breakdown. Measurement of CaM concentrations in samples of TH revealed significant differences in the cytotoxic effects induced by different strains of M. equigenitalium on the equine uterine tube (EUT). The data suggests that some strains of M. equigenitalium may have a role in reproductive failure in the mare. In addition comparisons of the means of the concentrations of CaM in samples of TH or THS in EUT explants from four mares in the follicular and four in the luteal phase of the estrous cycle were found to be not significantly different.
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Publication Date: 1992-10-01 PubMed ID: 1477802PubMed Central: PMC1263565
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores the damaging effects of different types of Mycoplasma equigenitalium bacterium on horse uterine tissue, using calmodulin assays. The research indicates that some variants of the bacterium may cause reproductive failure in mares.

Testing Cytopathic Effects

The researchers wanted to study the harmful effects caused by five different strains of Mycoplasma equigenitalium on cells harvested from horse uterine tubes. They carried out their experiments using a technique that measures variations in calmodulin (CaM).

  • Calmodulin is a calcium-binding messenger protein that plays vital roles in numerous cellular functions including cell division and apoptosis (programmed cell death). Measuring CaM concentrations is one approach to gauge cell health and function.

Findings on Calmodulin Concentrations

The study found that in infected samples of total homogenate (whole-cell mixtures) and total homogenate supernates (the liquid component after cell separation), CaM levels were significantly lower than in non-infected counterparts.

  • Conversely, in some infected explants’ tissue culture medium fractions (TCM – the part containing the nutrients required for cell growth), CaM levels were significantly higher than those of non-infected ones.
  • This raises the possibility that Mycoplasma equigenitalium infection disrupts the cell membrane’s integrity, leading to leakage or release of CaM during cell damage and death in horse uterine tubes.

Impact on Reproductive Failure

Measuring CaM concentrations revealed notable differences in the levels of cell damage caused by different strains of Mycoplasma equigenitalium on equine uterine tubes.

  • This discovery indicates that some types of the bacterium might play a role in causing reproductive issues in horses.
  • Nevertheless, the study found no significant differences when comparing CaM levels in samples taken from mares during different phases of their reproductive cycle, suggesting that the bacterium’s harmful effects occur regardless of the reproductive stage.

Cite This Article

APA
Bermúdez VM, Miller RB, Rosendal S, Fernando MA, Johnson WH, O'Brien PJ. (1992). Measurement of the cytotoxic effects of different strains of Mycoplasma equigenitalium on the equine uterine tube using a calmodulin assay. Can J Vet Res, 56(4), 331-338.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 0830-9000
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 56
Issue: 4
Pages: 331-338

Researcher Affiliations

Bermúdez, V M
  • Department of Pathology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph.
Miller, R B
    Rosendal, S
      Fernando, M A
        Johnson, W H
          O'Brien, P J

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Bacterial Adhesion
            • Calmodulin / analysis
            • Cell Membrane Permeability
            • Culture Techniques
            • Female
            • Follicular Phase
            • Horses / microbiology
            • Luteal Phase
            • Mycoplasma / pathogenicity
            • Uterus / microbiology

            References

            This article includes 17 references
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            Citations

            This article has been cited 3 times.
            1. Nehra K, Rana R, Viswas KN, Arun TR, Singh VP, Singh AP, Prabhu SN. Isolation and molecular identification of Mycoplasma equigenitalium from equine genital tracts in northern India. Iran J Vet Res 2015 Spring;16(2):176-81.
              pubmed: 27175172
            2. Smits B, Rosendal S, Ruhnke HL, Plante C, O'Brien PJ, Miller RB. Effects of Ureaplasma diversum on bovine oviductal explants: quantitative measurement using a calmodulin assay. Can J Vet Res 1994 Apr;58(2):114-21.
              pubmed: 8004536
            3. O'Brien PJ, Duke AL, Shen H, Shohet RV. Myocardial mRNA content and stability, and enzyme activities of Ca-cycling and aerobic metabolism in canine dilated cardiomyopathies. Mol Cell Biochem 1995 Jan 26;142(2):139-50.
              doi: 10.1007/BF00928935pubmed: 7770066google scholar: lookup
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