Metabolic and osmoregulatory function at low and high (3800 m) altitude.

The study focuses on the adjustment in metabolic and osmoregulatory function in horses when they are exposed to high altitudes. The research indicates that horses may start acclimating to such altitudes within 2-3 days.

Objective of the Study

• The research was conducted to expand the understanding of acclimatisation in equids (horse family) to high altitudes. It examined the effects on metabolic and osmoregulatory function in horse under two conditions: rest and post-exercise, and at two different altitudes: 225m and 3800m.

Methodology

• The sample size for the study was six horses. The study was carried out at two altitudes: 225m and during a 10-day stay at a high altitude of 3800m.
• Rest samples were taken 90 minutes after feeding at 0830 hours and immediately after the gallop phase of a standard exercise test.
• Changes in glucose, insulin, cortisol, thyroxine, sodium, potassium, chloride, and total protein were studied at both altitudes.

Key Findings

• The research found that exercise resulted in an increase in cortisol, thyroxine, potassium, and chloride whereas concentrations of glucose, insulin, sodium, and total protein decreased regardless of altitude.
• Exposure to high altitude (following transport stress) on Day 2 resulted in significant increases in glucose, cortisol, thyroxine, chloride, and protein at rest and after exercise.
• All variables, except cortisol, appeared to stabilize by Day 4 of exposure to high altitude. Thus, concluding that equids start acclimating within 2-3 days after exposure to high altitudes. These data were supported with haematological and blood gas data.