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Veterinary microbiology2010; 148(2-4); 150-160; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.08.032

Molecular characterization of equine rotaviruses circulating in Argentinean foals during a 17-year surveillance period (1992-2008).

Abstract: P[12]G3 and P[12]G14 equine rotaviruses (ERVs) are epidemiologically important in horses. In Argentina, the prevalent ERV strains have been historically P[12]G3. The aim of this study was the detection and characterization of ERV strains circulating in foals in Argentina during a 17-year study (1992-2008). Additionally, the gene sequences of VP7, VP4 and NSP4 encoding genes of representative Argentinean ERV strains were determined and phylogenetic analyses were performed to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of the ERV strains in Argentina. ERVs were detected in 165 (21%) out of 771 diarrheic stool samples, which corresponded to 45 (39%) of 116 outbreaks from the surveyed thoroughbred horse farms. From the positive cases, 51% (n=23) were G3, 33% (n=15) were G14, 4% (n=2) represented a G3+G14 mixed infection and 11% (n=5) of the cases could not be characterized. G3 ERV was detected during the entire period, while G14 ERV was first detected in 2000 and increased its incidence specially in 2006 and 2007. All the analyzed strains belonged to the VP4 P[12] genotype, except for one G3 case which belonged to the P[3] genotype, constituting the first report of a P[3]G3 ERV strain. Phylogenetic analysis of VP7 protein revealed that the G3 Argentinean ERV strains clustered with ERVs from Ireland, while the G14 Argentinean ERV strains formed a distinct cluster within the G14 genotype. The VP4 of the P[12] ERV strains clustered with P[12] strains from Ireland and France. The NSP4 of the Argentinean ERV strains clustered with the NSP4 genotype E12, along with those of guanaco and bovine strains from Argentina, suggesting the a close evolutionary relationship among these Argentinean strains. The results of this study showed changes in the incidence of G3 and G14 during the studied period. The increase in the frequency of G14 ERV, not included in the vaccine, in the second half of the period, may have implications for vaccine design.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2010-09-08 PubMed ID: 20943330DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.08.032Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study investigated the types and evolution of equine rotaviruses (ERVs) present in foal populations in Argentina over a 17-year period (1992-2008) for a better understanding of the incidence and distribution of different ERV strains and their implications on vaccine design.

Objective and Methodology

  • The intention of the study was to track and compare data on ERV strains in foals in Argentina throughout a lengthy time frame. This would allow for a more comprehensive understanding of ERV epidemiology in the area.
  • The specific genes of these ERVs (VP7, VP4, NSP4) were analysed to determine their sequences and to perform phylogenetic analyses. These are essentially genetic studies to classify and understand the relationships between different strains of ERVs.
  • In this case, foal stool samples were monitored for the presence of ERVs and these viruses were then characterised by their G (glycoprotein) and P (protease-sensitive protein) type, two key molecular types in rotaviruses.

Findings

  • Out of 771 diarrheic stool samples, ERVs were found in 21% of them, which corresponded to almost 39% of the 116 outbreaks on the surveyed thoroughbred horse farms.
  • Of the positive cases, the breakdown of G types was as follows: 51% were G3, 33% were G14, 4% had a mixed G3 and G14 infection, and 11% of the cases could not be categorized.
  • Throughout the 17 years of the study, the G3 ERV was identified consistently, while G14 ERVs were first detected in 2000 and increasingly became more common, especially in 2006 and 2007.
  • Moreover, all analyzed strains belonged to the P[12] genotype except for one G3 case which belonged to the P[3] genotype. This was the first reported instance of a P[3]G3 ERV strain.

Phylogenetic Analysis and Implications

  • The genetic sequences of the ERVs were studied to understand their evolutionary relationships. The G3 Argentinean ERV strains were similar to ERVs from Ireland, while the G14 Argentinean ERV strains formed a distinct cluster, grouped within the G14 genotype.
  • Furthermore, the VP4 gene (part of the P[12] genotype) in the ERV strains shared similarities with strains from Ireland and France.
  • The study also found that the NSP4 gene, of the E12 genotype, in Argentinean ERVs, was closely related to those in guanaco and bovine strains in Argentina, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship.
  • The increase in the frequency of G14 ERV, which is not included in currently available vaccines, may necessitate a change in vaccine design for better protection against ERVs in future.

Cite This Article

APA
Garaicoechea L, Miño S, Ciarlet M, Fernández F, Barrandeguy M, Parreño V. (2010). Molecular characterization of equine rotaviruses circulating in Argentinean foals during a 17-year surveillance period (1992-2008). Vet Microbiol, 148(2-4), 150-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.08.032

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 1873-2542
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 148
Issue: 2-4
Pages: 150-160

Researcher Affiliations

Garaicoechea, Lorena
  • Instituto de Virología, CICV y A, INTA Castelar, Las Cabañas y Los Reseros (1712), Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. lgaraicoechea@cnia.inta.gov.ar
Miño, Samuel
    Ciarlet, Max
      Fernández, Fernando
        Barrandeguy, María
          Parreño, Viviana

            MeSH Terms

            • Amino Acid Sequence
            • Animals
            • Antigens, Viral / genetics
            • Argentina
            • Capsid Proteins / genetics
            • Feces / virology
            • Genotype
            • Horses / virology
            • Incidence
            • Molecular Sequence Data
            • Phylogeny
            • RNA, Viral / genetics
            • Rotavirus / classification
            • Rotavirus / genetics
            • Rotavirus / isolation & purification
            • Rotavirus Infections / epidemiology
            • Rotavirus Infections / veterinary
            • Rotavirus Infections / virology
            • Sequence Analysis, RNA
            • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / genetics

            Citations

            This article has been cited 17 times.
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