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Home / Equine Research Bank / Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo / MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF HEMOTROPIC MYCOPLASMAS IN HUMAN B...
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo2015; 57(4); 353-357; doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652015000400014

MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF HEMOTROPIC MYCOPLASMAS IN HUMAN BEINGS, DOGS AND HORSES IN A RURAL SETTLEMENT IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL.

Abstract: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of hemoplasmas in a rural Brazilian settlement's population of human beings, their dogs and horses, highly exposed to tick bites; to identify the tick species parasitizing dogs and horses, and analyze factors associated with their infection. Blood samples from 132 dogs, 16 horses and 100 humans were screened using a pan-hemoplasma SYBR green real-time PCR assay followed by a species-specific TaqMan real-time PCR. A total of 59/132 (44.7%) dog samples were positive for hemoplasmas (21 Mycoplasma haemocanis alone, 12 ' Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum' alone and 21 both). Only 1/100 (1.0%) human sample was positive by qPCR SYBR green, with no successful amplification of 16S rRNA or 23 rRNA genes despite multiple attempts. All horse samples were negative. Dogs >1 year of age were more likely to be positive for hemoplasmas ( p= 0.0014). In conclusion, although canine hemoplasma infection was highly prevalent, cross-species hemoplasma transmission was not observed, and therefore may not frequently occur despite overexposure of agents and vectors. Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar a prevalência de hemoplasmas numa população restrita de cães, equinos e humanos altamente expostos a picadas de carrapatos em assentamento rural brasileiro; identificar as espécies de carrapatos parasitando cães e equinos, e analisar os fatores associados à infecção. Amostras de sangue de 132 cães, 16 cavalos e 100 humanos foram avaliadas utilizando um protocolo pan-hemoplasma em PCR quantitativas em tempo real (qPCR) com SYBR green, seguido de qPCR TaqMan espécie-específicos. Cinquenta e nove/132 (44,7%) cães foram positivos para hemoplasmas (21 Mycoplasma haemocanis, 12 ' Candidatus Mycoplasmahaematoparvum' e 21 para ambos). Uma amostra humana do total de 100 (1%) foi positiva pelo qPCR SYBR green, mas os genes 16S rRNA ou 23S rRNA não foram amplificados com sucesso, apesar de inúmeras tentativas. Todas as amostras de cavalos foram negativas. Cães > 1 ano apresentaram mais chance de serem positivos para hemoplasmas ( p = 0,0014). Concluindo, embora infecções por hemoplasmas caninos sejam altamente prevalentes, a transmissão de hemoplasmas entre espécies não foi observada, e desta forma podem não ocorrer de forma frequente apesar da alta exposição aos agentes e vetores.
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Publication Date: 2015-10-01 PubMed ID: 26422162PubMed Central: PMC4616923DOI: 10.1590/S0036-46652015000400014Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the prevalence of blood parasites, known as hemoplasmas, in humans, dogs, and horses in a rural part of southern Brazil and finds that dogs, especially those older than a year, are often infected, but the cross-species transfer of the parasite is rare.

Objective of the Study

  • The study aimed to find out how common hemoplasmas are in dogs, horses, and humans in a rural settlement in Brazil where there is high exposure to tick bites.
  • It also aimed to identify the tick species that were present in the dogs and horses, and to analyze any factors related to the infection.

Methods Used

  • The researchers collected blood samples from 132 dogs, 16 horses and 100 humans.
  • They screened these samples using a pan-hemoplasm SYBR green real-time PCR assay (a method used to detect and measure DNA in real time) followed by a species-specific TaqMan real-time PCR (a organism-specific method to detect and measure DNA).

Results of the Study

  • Out of the 132 dog samples, 44.7% were positive for hemoplasmas. Either Mycoplasma haemocanis or ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum’ were found, with some cases finding both.
  • Only one human sample was positive for hemoplasma. However, despite multiple attempts, successful amplification of 16S rRNA or 23 rRNA genes, which are necessary to clearly identify the organism, could not be achieved.
  • All the horse samples tested negative for hemoplasmas.
  • Dogs that were older than a year had a higher chance of being positive for hemoplasmas.

Conclusion Drawn from the Research

  • The study concluded that hemoplasma infections are quite common in dogs, especially those older than one year.
  • Despite the high prevalence in dogs and the high exposure to ticks, no transfer of hemoplasmas from one species to another was observed.
  • This suggests that cross-species transmission may not happen often, even in areas where there is high exposure to the parasites and vectors (agents that carry the parasites from one host to another).

Cite This Article

APA
Vieira RF, Vidotto O, Vieira TS, Guimaraes AM, Santos AP, Nascimento NC, Santos NJ, Martins TF, Labruna MB, Marcondes M, Biondo AW, Messick JB. (2015). MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF HEMOTROPIC MYCOPLASMAS IN HUMAN BEINGS, DOGS AND HORSES IN A RURAL SETTLEMENT IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo, 57(4), 353-357. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000400014

Publication

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo
ISSN: 1678-9946
NlmUniqueID: 7507484
Country: Brazil
Language: English
Volume: 57
Issue: 4
Pages: 353-357

Researcher Affiliations

Vieira, Rafael Felipe da Costa
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR.
Vidotto, Odilon
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, BR.
Vieira, Thállitha Samih Wischral Jayme
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, BR.
Guimaraes, Ana Márcia Sá
  • Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, US.
Santos, Andrea Pires dos
  • Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, US.
Nascimento, Naíla Cannes
  • Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, US.
Santos, Nelson Jesse Rodrigues dos
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, BR.
Martins, Thiago Fernandes
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, S. Paulo, SP, BR.
Labruna, Marcelo Bahia
  • Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, S. Paulo, SP, BR.
Marcondes, Mary
  • Department of Veterinary Clinics, Surgery and Reproduction, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, S. Paulo, BR.
Biondo, Alexander Welker
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR.
Messick, Joanne Belle
  • Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, US.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Dog Diseases / epidemiology
  • Dog Diseases / microbiology
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Mycoplasma / classification
  • Mycoplasma / genetics
  • Mycoplasma Infections / epidemiology
  • Mycoplasma Infections / microbiology
  • Mycoplasma Infections / veterinary
  • Phylogeny
  • Prevalence
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Risk Factors
  • Rural Population

Conflict of Interest Statement

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT None of the authors had conflicts of interest to declare.

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This article has been cited 16 times.
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