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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Immunol Immunopathol / Monoclonal antibodies to equine IgM improve the sensitivity ...
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology2007; 122(1-2); 46-56; doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.10.013

Monoclonal antibodies to equine IgM improve the sensitivity of West Nile virus-specific IgM detection in horses.

Abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic pathogen of global importance. In horses with neurological signs, detection of WNV-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) in serum is widely used to identify clinical cases of WNV encephalitis. Here, we describe the development of two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to equine IgM which were used in a WNV IgM-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Their performance was compared to an established assay based on polyclonal anti-IgM. Check test serum samples from the National Veterinary Service Laboratory (NVSL) were used to evaluate the performance of the three anti-IgM antibodies. The anti-IgM 1-22 mAb correctly identified all NVSL samples. Both the polyclonal antibody and monoclonal anti-IgM 2B-63 identified eight out of ten samples correctly. The three assays were then compared using serum samples from clinically healthy animals (n=33) and horses with neurological signs (n=21). High Spearman rank correlations (0.76-0.86) were found among the ELISA results. Inter-test agreements (weighted kappa) for assay interpretation resulted in strong agreement (0.95) of the results obtained by the mAbs and moderate agreements when monoclonal and polyclonal anti-IgM-based assays were compared. To determine the analytical sensitivities of anti-WNV IgM detection, serial dilutions of WNV IgM-positive serum samples were analyzed. The highest sensitivity was obtained by using the anti-IgM 1-22 mAb to capture IgM from equine serum. In conclusion, the use of monoclonal anti-IgM antibodies can improve the sensitivity of IgM detection in the acute phase of WN disease.
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Publication Date: 2007-12-03 PubMed ID: 18054390DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.10.013Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is about the development of two monoclonal antibodies for equine IgM that improves the sensitivity of West Nile Virus-specific IgM detection in horses.

Objective and Methodology of the Research

  • The main purpose of this study was to design two specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target equine Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and to compare their efficiency with a previously established polyclonal anti-IgM assay in identifying West Nile Virus (WNV) in horses.
  • An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used as the detection method. ELISA is a popular laboratory method for measuring antibodies or antigens in a sample. It has high sensitivity and provides quantitative results.
  • Test serum samples from the National Veterinary Service Laboratory (NVSL) were used to assess the performance of the three anti-IgM antibodies. These samples acted as a standard or check measure.

Performance Metrics and Results

  • The two monoclonal antibodies and the polyclonal anti-IgM were tested on serum samples taken from clinically healthy animals (n=33) and horses showing neurological symptoms (n=21).
  • The monoclonal antibody, anti-IgM 1-22, correctly identified all NVSL samples. The other two antibodies, the polyclonal antibody, and the monoclonal anti-IgM 2B-63 identified eight out of ten samples correctly.
  • The researchers determined the analytical sensitivities of anti-WNV IgM detection by analyzing serial dilutions of WNV IgM-positive serum samples. Here, the highest sensitivity was achieved using the anti-IgM 1-22 monoclonal antibody.
  • The ELISA results from the three anti-IgM antibodies were statistically analyzed showing high Spearman rank correlations (0.76-0.86), indicating a strong similarity in their rankings of the samples.
  • Inter-test agreements (weighted kappa) for the assay interpretation showed strong agreement (0.95) of results obtained by the monoclonal antibodies and moderate agreements when the monoclonal and polyclonal anti-IgM-based assays were compared.

Conclusion

  • The research concluded that using monoclonal anti-IgM antibodies can increase the sensitivity of WNV-specific IgM detection in the early stage of West Nile disease in horses. This is important in diagnosing the disease early and starting treatment, which can mitigate the damage caused by the disease and improve the prognosis.

Cite This Article

APA
Wagner B, Glaser A, Hillegas JM, Erb H, Gold C, Freer H. (2007). Monoclonal antibodies to equine IgM improve the sensitivity of West Nile virus-specific IgM detection in horses. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 122(1-2), 46-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.10.013

Publication

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
ISSN: 0165-2427
NlmUniqueID: 8002006
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 122
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 46-56

Researcher Affiliations

Wagner, Bettina
  • Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. bw73@cornell.edu
Glaser, Amy
    Hillegas, Julia M
      Erb, Hollis
        Gold, Carvel
          Freer, Heather

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / immunology
            • Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
            • Antibodies, Viral / blood
            • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
            • Horses / immunology
            • Immunoglobulin G / blood
            • Immunoglobulin M / blood
            • Sensitivity and Specificity
            • West Nile virus / immunology

            Citations

            This article has been cited 8 times.
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