Muscle metabolic changes associated with long-term inhalation anaesthesia in the horse analysed by muscle biopsy and microdialysis techniques.
Abstract: During anaesthesia in the horse, muscle blood flow has been found to be reduced, possibly leading to hypoxia or ischaemia in the muscle. The aim of this study was to use the muscle biopsy and microdialysis techniques to determine whether long-term inhalation anaesthesia in laterally recumbent horses induces metabolic changes in gluteal muscle indicative of anaerobic metabolism. Muscle biopsies and plasma samples were taken from seven horses at the start and end of halothane anaesthesia. In six isoflurane-anaesthetised horses, given three pharmacological provocations (dobutamine, detomidine, acepromazine), repeated blood samples and microdialysis was performed during anaesthesia and muscle biopsies were taken before and at the end of anaesthesia. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate, inosine monophosphate (IMP) creatine phosphate and lactate concentrations did not differ between dependent and non-dependent muscles at either sampling time. Creatine phosphate decreased in both the halothane (-38%) and isoflurane (-28%) group. In the halothane group, ATP was decreased (-15%) at the end of anaesthesia, while IMP was increased (+32%). Lactate in muscle and plasma increased in both groups. Lactate in dialysate increased after induction and remained elevated above plasma concentrations. These results show that long-term inhalation anaesthesia in horses is associated with an anaerobic metabolic response within the muscle and that microdialysis can be used to detect metabolic changes within the muscle during equine anaesthesia.
Publication Date: 2005-03-02 PubMed ID: 15737180DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00685.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article investigates the metabolic changes in horse muscle under long-term inhalation anesthesia, using muscle biopsy and microdialysis techniques. The results show that this type of anesthesia is associated with an anaerobic metabolic response.
Objective and Methodology
- This study aimed to investigate if long-term inhalation anesthesia used in horses lying on their side (laterally recumbent) triggers metabolic changes in the gluteal muscle. The primary interest was to check if those changes indicated anaerobic metabolism.
- The researchers applied muscle biopsy and microdialysis techniques to gather and analyze data.
- The experiment involved two types of anesthesia, halothane and isoflurane, administered in two separate groups of horses. Blood samples and muscle biopsies were taken before and after anesthesia.
- In the isoflurane-anesthetized group, the horses were further given three pharmacological provocations (dobutamine, detomidine, acepromazine), and microdialysis was performed during anesthesia.
Key Findings
- The concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate, inosine monophosphate (IMP), creatine phosphate, and lactate remained the same in both dependent and non-dependent muscles at different sampling times.
- In both halothane and isoflurane groups, there was a noted decrease in creatine phosphate.
- ATP levels dropped by 15% at the end of anesthesia in the halothane group, whereas IMP increased by 32%.
- In both groups, lactate levels in muscle and plasma increased.]
- Lactate levels in the dialysate also increased post-induction and remained high above plasma concentrations.
Conclusion
- The results of the study indicated an anaerobic metabolic response in the muscle of horses under long-term inhalation anesthesia.
- This suggests that this type of anesthesia impacts muscle metabolism and may cause the muscle to shift to anaerobic metabolism related to reduced blood flow and potential muscle hypoxia or ischemia.
- The study also demonstrates the utility of microdialysis as a tool to detect metabolic changes in muscle during equine anesthesia.
Cite This Article
APA
Edner A, Essén-Gustavsson B, Nyman G.
(2005).
Muscle metabolic changes associated with long-term inhalation anaesthesia in the horse analysed by muscle biopsy and microdialysis techniques.
J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med, 52(2), 99-107.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00685.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Box 7018, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. anna.edner@kv.slu.se
MeSH Terms
- Anesthesia, Inhalation / adverse effects
- Anesthesia, Inhalation / veterinary
- Anesthetics, Inhalation / pharmacology
- Animals
- Biopsy / veterinary
- Female
- Halothane
- Horses / physiology
- Male
- Microdialysis / veterinary
- Muscle, Skeletal / blood supply
- Muscle, Skeletal / drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Edner AH, Essén-Gustavsson B, Nyman GC. Metabolism during anaesthesia and recovery in colic and healthy horses: a microdialysis study. Acta Vet Scand 2009 Mar 10;51(1):10.
- Edner AH, Nyman GC, Essén-Gustavsson B. Metabolism before, during and after anaesthesia in colic and healthy horses. Acta Vet Scand 2007 Nov 15;49(1):34.
- Frabasile L, Amendola C, Buttafava M, Chincarini M, Contini D, Cozzi B, De Zani D, Guerri G, Lacerenza M, Minero M, Petrizzi L, Qiu L, Rabbogliatti V, Rossi E, Spinelli L, Straticò P, Vignola G, Zani DD, Dalla Costa E, Torricelli A. Non-invasive estimation of in vivo optical properties and hemodynamic parameters of domestic animals: a preliminary study on horses, dogs, and sheep. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1243325.
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