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[Mycoses in domestic animals].
Abstract: In the present paper we will present a general view of the main mycoses affecting domestic animals. In the dog, we show the importance of the dermatophytoses, increased by its zoonosic character and the problem of the false negatives in the traditional microbiological culture. Under the general term of systemic mycoses we include a series of conditions considered usually as aspergillosis, bat with more and more fungal species implicated as possible etiological agents. In addition, fungi, especially yeasts, are being implicated in canine otitis; in our laboratory 86 % of canine chronic otitis involve a yeast etiology, alone or in collaboration with bacteria. In the cat, dermatophytes are more common than in the dog, and are the main source of infection in man, with the description of a high percentage of healthy carrier animals. Cryptococcosis is a severe disease, usually secondary to other process, especially feline immunodeficiency. In cows we refer to fungal abortion, with three main fungi implicated: Aspergillus, Candida and Zygomycetes. In some areas of our country the percentage of fungal abortion is around 10 %. A consequence of the multiple use of antibiotics in mastitis is selection of yeasts, especially those included in the genera Candida and Cryptococcus. Bovine dermatophytoses is an extensively disseminated disease in our country, with a commercial specific vaccine available. In small ruminants, Cryptococcus causes severe pneumonic processes that could be confused clinically with other conditions. An additional important question is the description of isolation of this fungus from tree leaves. In poultry, aspergillosis is a known and controlled disease, but with more importance in captive wild birds with an ecological value. In horses, we emphasize the lung infections by different fungi, specially Pneumocystis carinii, and arthritis by yeasts as consequence of wound contamination or surgery.
Publication Date: 2005-03-15 PubMed ID: 15762776 The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- English Abstract
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research paper discusses common fungal infections, known as mycoses, in various domestic animals. It highlights the significance of dermatophytoses in dogs, the role of yeasts in chronic canine otitis, and systemic mycoses. The paper also reveals high percentages of healthy carrier animals particularly in cats, implicates three primary fungi in bovine fungal abortion, and addresses several other mycoses relating to small ruminants, poultry, and horses.
Significance of Dermatophytoses in Dogs and Cats
- The study shows the significant prevalence of fungal skin infections, called dermatophytoses, in dogs. Dermatophytoses has a zoonotic character, which means it can be transmitted between animals and humans, hence posing a public health concern.
- While diagnosing dermatophytoses, false negatives are common in traditional microbiological cultures, thus posing a challenge for accurate diagnosis.
- This fungal infection is more prevalent in cats compared to dogs, making cats the primary source of human infection.
- The research also reveals that a high proportion of cats are healthy carriers of dermatophyte infections, showing no signs of disease themselves but capable of infecting others.
Prevalence of Yeast Infections
- The research indicates a major role of yeasts, a type of fungi, in canine chronic otitis, a persistent inflammation of the outer ear.
- Eighty-six percent of chronic canine otitis cases involve yeast infection, either alone or in combination with bacterial infection.
- In cows, overuse of antibiotics in treating mastitis, a common udder infection, selects for yeast growth, especially those belonging to the genera Candida and Cryptococcus.
- Also, yeast infections are associated with joint infections in horses following wounds or surgical procedures.
Systemic Mycoses Affecting Domestic Animals
- Systemic mycoses, serious fungal infections affecting multiple organs, are often attributed to various fungal species, the most common being Aspergillus.
- Disease like cryptococcosis, mainly secondary to other infections like feline immunodeficiency, are severe in cats.
- In bovines, systemic mycoses often result in abortion, primarily caused by three fungi: Aspergillus, Candida, and Zygomycetes. These fungal abortions can reach to 10% in some areas.
- In small ruminants, systemic infections by Cryptococcus cause severe lung disease, and the fungus is known to exist in tree leaves, posing a risk of environmental exposure.
- In other animals such as poultry and horses, aspergillosis and infections by Pneumocystis carinii respectively are significant concerns.
Cite This Article
APA
García ME, Blanco JL.
(2005).
[Mycoses in domestic animals].
Rev Iberoam Micol, 17(1), S2-S7.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratorio de Micología Clínica, Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, España. jlblanco@eucmax.sim.ucm.es
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Mariappan AK, Munusamy P, Latheef SK, Kohale S, Verma A, Puvvala B, Mathesh K, Dhama K. Grading of Anatomopathological Disparity in the Cases of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in wild avian species as recorded in Pigeons (Columba livia), Peafowls (Pavo cristatus), and Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus). Arch Razi Inst 2022 Feb;77(1):301-313.
- Carmo PMSD, Uzal FA, Pedroso PMO, Riet-Correa F. Conidiobolomycosis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis in sheep and goats: a review. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020 Nov;32(6):826-834.
- Tanney JB, Visagie CM, Yilmaz N, Seifert KA. Aspergillus subgenus Polypaecilum from the built environment. Stud Mycol 2017 Sep;88:237-267.
- Li Y, Zhang JJ, Xu DP, Zhou T, Zhou Y, Li S, Li HB. Bioactivities and Health Benefits of Wild Fruits. Int J Mol Sci 2016 Aug 4;17(8).
- Álvarez-Pérez S, Blanco JL, Peláez T, Cutuli M, García ME. In vitro amphotericin B susceptibility of Malassezia pachydermatis determined by the CLSI broth microdilution method and Etest using lipid-enriched media. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014 Jul;58(7):4203-6.
- Doyle A, López A, Pack L, Muckle A. Candida osteomyelitis in a gelding. Can Vet J 2013 Feb;54(2):176-8.
- Gené J, Blanco JL, Cano J, García ME, Guarro J. New filamentous fungus Sagenomella chlamydospora responsible for a disseminated infection in a dog. J Clin Microbiol 2003 Apr;41(4):1722-5.
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