Natural killer cells in normal horses and specific-pathogen-free foals infected with equine herpesvirus.
Abstract: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from an adult horse and from foals demonstrated natural killer (NK)-type cytotoxicity against a range of xenogeneic and allogeneic cell targets. The human tumour cell line, Chang liver was consistently the most susceptible. Chang liver, rabbit kidney (RK-13), equine sarcoid (ES) and embryonic equine kidney (EEK) cells were more susceptible when presented to horse PBMC than monolayer cultures. Embryonic equine lung (EEL) and murine YAC-1 cells conversely, were more susceptible in a trypsinized state. Horse PBMC demonstrated higher levels of NK-type activity against EEK, EEL and RK-13 cells infected with equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) compared with uninfected cells. Similarly, EEK and EEL cells infected with Semliki forest virus (SFV) were more susceptible. Cytotoxicity against EHV-1-infected EEK cells developed faster, between 4 and 8 h of incubation and reaching a maximum at 24 h. By contrast, cytotoxicity against uninfected fibroblasts was not significant until approximately 16 h of incubation with maximum cytotoxicity observed between 32 h and 48 h. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) foals were inoculated with live EHV-1. PBMC isolated from these foals at different days after inoculation did not display appreciably reduced or elevated NK cytotoxicities against Chang liver cells and EHV-1-infected EEK targets, when compared with that of a PBMC reference from a healthy adult horse.
Publication Date: 1992-06-01 PubMed ID: 1321530DOI: 10.1016/0165-2427(92)90038-rGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study explores the actions of natural killer (NK) cells in adult horses and foals, specifically focusing on their reaction to equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1). The research reveals that NK cells from horses show heightened activity against cells infected with EHV-1, and this cytotoxicity develops rapidly. However, SPF foals inoculated with live EHV-1 showed no significant changes in their NK cell cytotoxicities compared to healthy adult horses’ PBMCs.
Study Design and Execution
- The research carried out involved using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) extracted from an adult horse and foals, and tested their natural killer (NK)-type cytotoxicity against various cell targets.
- Among the different cell lines used, the most susceptible was found to be the human tumor cell line, Chang liver. Equine sarcoid (ES) and embryonic equine kidney (EEK) cells also showed significant susceptibility when presented to horse PBMC compared to monolayer cultures.
- Horse PBMC displayed significantly elevated cytotoxicity against cells infected with EHV-1. This increased cytotoxicity was also observed in cases of cells infected with Semliki forest virus (SFV).
Results
- The reaction of NK cells toward infected cells was faster and stronger compared to uninfected cells.
- In the case of EHV-1 infected cells, cytotoxicity developed between 4 to 8 hours of incubation, reaching its peak at 24 hours.
- For uninfected cells, significant cytotoxicity was only noticed after 16 hours of incubation, reaching its maximum between 32 to 48 hours.
- When SPF foals were inoculated with live EHV-1, their PBMC did not display notable changes in cytotoxicities compared to that of a healthy adult horse’s PBMC.
Conclusion
- This research highlights the active role that NK cells in horses play when exposed to pathogens like EHV-1.
- However, despite showing faster and stronger cytotoxic reactions against infected cells, SPF foals inoculated with EHV-1 did not exhibit noticeable changes in cytotoxicities compared to PBMCs from healthy adult horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Chong YC, Duffus WP, Hannant D.
(1992).
Natural killer cells in normal horses and specific-pathogen-free foals infected with equine herpesvirus.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 33(1-2), 103-113.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2427(92)90038-r Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Aging / immunology
- Animals
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / drug effects
- Female
- Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses / growth & development
- Horses / immunology
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural / drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural / immunology
- Kinetics
- Male
- Mice
- Rabbits
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms / immunology
- Trypsin / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Naveed A, Eertink LG, Wang D, Li F. Lessons Learned from West Nile Virus Infection:Vaccinations in Equines and Their Implications for One Health Approaches. Viruses 2024 May 14;16(5).
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