Neutrophil migration induced by equine respiratory secretions, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and culture supernatants of pulmonary lavage cells.
Abstract: Supernatants of equine respiratory secretions enhanced the migration of equine neutrophils into the lower compartments of Boyden chambers. Checkerboard analysis revealed that the neutrophil migration promoting activity (NMPA) of secretion specimens was in great part caused by chemokinesis, irrespective of the neutrophil score of the specimen. The NMPA of respiratory secretions was correlated neither with the neutrophil score of the secretion specimen nor with the severity of the chronic pulmonary disease. Respiratory secretions collected while horses were kept under low dust or under dusty housing conditions induced migration of neutrophils in the same order of magnitude. The number of migrated neutrophils and the procoagulant activity (PCA) within respiratory secretion specimens was positively correlated; however, the meaning of this finding is not yet clear. None of the nine cell-free supernatants of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, which were assayed undiluted, induced significant neutrophil migration, although some samples contained up to 4.0 x 10(5) neutrophils/ml. In vitro culture of lung lavage cells, which mainly comprised macrophages and lymphocytes, without stimulation or with the addition of low doses of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) resulted in the secretion of NMPA which was in great part chemotactic. However, culture supernatants of lung cell preparations which were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or by PHA-prestimulated lymphocytes reduced the migration of neutrophils compared with the supernatants of control cells. NMPA within culture supernatants had a highly significant negative correlation with the PCA of macrophages within the lung cell preparations. Our results imply that a complicated and sophisticated regulation underlies neutrophil accumulation within the airways of horses affected with chronic pulmonary disease. Future experiments are required to assess the biological significance of the factors modulating neutrophil migration which are present in the respiratory secretions and in the culture supernatants of equine lung lavage cells.
Publication Date: 1991-09-01 PubMed ID: 1949592DOI: 10.1016/0165-2427(91)90022-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage
- Cell Culture
- Chemokines
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Immune Response
- In Vitro Research
- Inflammation
- Lipopolysaccharide
- Lymphocytes
- Macrophages
- Migration
- Neutrophils
- Pulmonary Health
- Respiratory Disease
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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This research investigates the influence of equine respiratory secretions, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, and supernatants from pulmonary lavage cell cultures on the migration of neutrophils in horses. It found that these factors play a complex role in the regulation of neutrophil accumulation in the airways of horses with chronic pulmonary disease.
Introduction and Methodology of the Research
- The research was conducted with the aim of understanding how elements associated with the respiratory system of horses impact the accumulation of neutrophils, which are white blood cells responsible for fighting off infection, within the airways.
- The researchers examined the effects of secretions from the equine respiratory system, fluids from a procedure known as a bronchoalveolar lavage (which washes out fluid from a specific region in the lung), and cell culture supernatants (the part of a culture medium left after removing cells) obtained from lung lavage cells.
- The researchers employed a method called the Boyden chamber technique, which is commonly used to study cell migration. They analyzed variables like Neutrophil Migration Promoting Activity (NMPA), whether the horse was living in low-dust or dusty conditions, and Procoagulant Activity (PCA) within the respiratory secretions.
Main Findings
- The supernatants of equine respiratory secretions were observed to enhance the migration of equine neutrophils.
- The NMPA of these secretions was not related to the severity of chronic pulmonary disease or the neutrophil score (the count of neutrophils within the secretion sample) but was affected largely by a process called chemokinesis, which is the random motion of cells due to chemical stimulation.
- The research showed no significant contrast in neutrophil migration between horses under low-dust and dusty housing conditions.
- Interestingly, there was a positive correlation between the number of migrated neutrophils and the PCA within the respiratory secretion samples, yet the implications of this relationship remain unclear.
- Cell-free supernatants from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid did not significantly induce neutrophil migration, despite some samples containing high concentrations of neutrophils.
- In vitro (lab-grown) cultures of lung lavage cells revealed the secretion of NMPA, which was mainly chemotactic (attracted to chemicals), but they exhibited decreased neutrophil migration when stimulated by substances called lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or by lymphocytes (another type of white blood cells) pre-stimulated with a specific agent called PHA.
Implications and Future Work
- The research suggests complex and nuanced regulation of neutrophils accumulation in the airways of horses afflicted with chronic pulmonary disease.
- More studies are necessary to comprehend the biological implications of the factors influencing neutrophil migration present in the respiratory secretions and in lung lavage cell culture supernatants.
Cite This Article
APA
Grünig G, Witschi U, Winder C, Hermann M, von Fellenberg R.
(1991).
Neutrophil migration induced by equine respiratory secretions, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and culture supernatants of pulmonary lavage cells.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 29(3-4), 313-328.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2427(91)90022-5 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood Coagulation Factors / immunology
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / immunology
- Cell Movement
- Chronic Disease
- Diffusion Chambers, Culture
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horses
- Leukocytes / immunology
- Lung Diseases / immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Monocytes / immunology
- Neutrophils / immunology
- Neutrophils / physiology
- Respiratory System / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Koch EJ, Bongrand C, Bennett BD, Lawhorn S, Moriano-Gutierrez S, Pende M, Vadiwala K, Dodt HU, Raible F, Goldman W, Ruby EG, McFall-Ngai M. The cytokine MIF controls daily rhythms of symbiont nutrition in an animal-bacterial association. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020 Nov 3;117(44):27578-27586.
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