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Home / Equine Research Bank / Emerg Infect Dis / Nonprimate hepaciviruses in domestic horses, United kingdom.
Emerging infectious diseases2012; 18(12); 1976-1982; doi: 10.3201/eid1812.120498

Nonprimate hepaciviruses in domestic horses, United kingdom.

Abstract: Although the origin of hepatitis C virus infections in humans remains undetermined, a close homolog of this virus, termed canine hepacivirus (CHV) and found in respiratory secretions of dogs, provides evidence for a wider distribution of hepaciviruses in mammals. We determined frequencies of active infection among dogs and other mammals in the United Kingdom. Samples from dogs (46 respiratory, 99 plasma, 45 autopsy samples) were CHV negative by PCR. Screening of 362 samples from cats, horses, donkeys, rodents, and pigs identified 3 (2%) positive samples from 142 horses. These samples were genetically divergent from CHV and nonprimate hepaciviruses that horses were infected with during 2012 in New York state, USA. Investigation of infected horses demonstrated nonprimate hepacivirus persistence, high viral loads in plasma (10(5)-10(7) RNA copies/mL), and liver function test results usually within reference ranges, although several values ranged from high normal to mildly elevated. Disease associations and host range of nonprimate hepaciviruses warrant further investigation.
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Publication Date: 2012-11-23 PubMed ID: 23171728PubMed Central: PMC3557883DOI: 10.3201/eid1812.120498Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper investigates the origin and presence of nonprimate hepaciviruses in domestic horses in the United Kingdom. The results showed no presence of the virus in dogs, but they found it in 2% of horses. Interestingly, the viruses in these horses showed significant genetic divergence from those previously found in the United States.

Methodology

  • The study determined the frequency of active infection among several mammals in the United Kingdom.
  • They collected samples from dogs, cats, horses, donkeys, rodents, and pigs.
  • They screened a total of 362 samples: 46 respiratory, 99 plasma, and 45 autopsy samples from dogs, and other samples from the remaining animals.
  • The screening process of samples was done using PCR (polymerase chain reaction), a technique used to make copies of a specific DNA segment.

Results

  • The results of the PCR tests on dog samples were negative for canine hepacivirus (CHV).
  • Out of the 142 horse samples, 3 (or 2%) tested positive for nonprimate hepaciviruses.
  • These positive samples were found to be genetically different from the CHV and from nonprimate hepaciviruses that affected horses in New York state, USA, in 2012.
  • It was observed that nonprimate hepaciviruses could persist in horses, and the viral loads in plasma were high, between 10(5)-10(7) RNA copies/mL.
  • Also, while the liver function test results were mostly within normal ranges, some values ranged from high normal to mildly elevated.

Further Implications

  • The discovery of nonprimate hepacivirus in horses and its genetic divergence from previously known strains emphasizes the need for further research into disease associations and host range of nonprimate hepaciviruses.
  • The presence of high viral loads in the plasma and the potential effects on liver function also highlight the importance of ongoing monitoring and research.

Cite This Article

APA
Lyons S, Kapoor A, Sharp C, Schneider BS, Wolfe ND, Culshaw G, Corcoran B, McGorum BC, Simmonds P. (2012). Nonprimate hepaciviruses in domestic horses, United kingdom. Emerg Infect Dis, 18(12), 1976-1982. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1812.120498

Publication

Emerging infectious diseases
ISSN: 1080-6059
NlmUniqueID: 9508155
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 12
Pages: 1976-1982

Researcher Affiliations

Lyons, Sinéad
  • University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Kapoor, Amit
    Sharp, Colin
      Schneider, Bradley S
        Wolfe, Nathan D
          Culshaw, Geoff
            Corcoran, Brendan
              McGorum, Bruce C
                Simmonds, Peter

                  MeSH Terms

                  • 5' Untranslated Regions
                  • Animals
                  • Cats
                  • Dogs
                  • Hepacivirus / classification
                  • Hepacivirus / genetics
                  • Hepacivirus / isolation & purification
                  • Hepatitis C / veterinary
                  • Hepatitis C / virology
                  • Horse Diseases / virology
                  • Horses
                  • Humans
                  • Mice
                  • Molecular Sequence Data
                  • Phylogeny
                  • RNA, Viral
                  • Swine
                  • Viral Load
                  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / genetics

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