Orally administered phenylbutazone causes oxidative stress in the equine gastric mucosa.
Abstract: Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is widely used in equine medicine, and its side effects on the gastrointestinal tract are well known. The inhibition of prostaglandins and the oxidative stress induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are described as mechanisms of gastric mucosal injury in humans. In horses, only the secondary effect of changes in cyclooxygenases is related to gastric mucosal injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of PBZ on certain antioxidative/oxidative parameters of the gastric mucosa. The concentrations of antioxidants and oxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; nitric oxide, NO; total glutathione, GSH; myeloperoxidase, MPO; and malondialdehyde, MDA), PGE2 levels, and the ulcerative lesions score were assessed. The results demonstrated decreased levels of antioxidant variables, increased levels of oxidant variables, and alterations in the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH) levels. In conclusion, PBZ induces oxidative stress in the gastric glandular mucosa of horses by changing the antioxidant-oxidant balance of this surface, which might be regarded as another mechanism of injury in the horse stomach.
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Publication Date: 2014-10-07 PubMed ID: 25287371DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12168Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research indicates that orally administered phenylbutazone, a widely used drug in equine medicine, can cause oxidative stress in a horse’s gastric mucosa, which may contribute to stomach injuries. The study investigated various antioxidant and oxidant parameters in the horses’ gastric mucosa to reach the conclusion.
Objectives of the Research
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of phenylbutazone (PBZ) on the antioxidant/oxidant parameters of a horse’s gastric mucosa. The main focus was on:
- Analysing the levels of antioxidants and oxidants in the gastric mucosa
- Exploring the changes in levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH)
- Evaluating the ulcerative lesions score after PBZ administration
Methodology and Approach
Through this study, the levels of antioxidants, oxidants, PGE2, MPO, and GSH in the gastric mucosa of horses were analysed. The variables assessed in the study were:
- Concentrations of antioxidants like Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT)
- Concentration of oxidants like nitric oxide (NO), total glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Malondialdehyde (MDA)
- PGE2 levels
- Ulcerative lesions score
Findings of the Study
The observations from the study indicated that the administration of PBZ led to the following changes:
- Decreased levels of antioxidant variables
- Increased levels of oxidant variables
- Alterations in levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH)
Conclusion of the Study
The results of the study suggested that PBZ can induce oxidative stress in the gastric glandular mucosa of horses by altering the antioxidant-oxidant balance on the surface, potentially leading to gastric injuries. Hence, the researchers propose considering the induction of oxidative stress as another mechanism of gastric injury in horses due to PBZ.
Cite This Article
APA
Martínez Aranzales JR, Cândido de Andrade BS, Silveira Alves GE.
(2014).
Orally administered phenylbutazone causes oxidative stress in the equine gastric mucosa.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 38(3), 257-264.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12168 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Línea Investigación en Medicina y Cirugía Equina (LIMCE), Grupo de Investigación Centauro, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects
- Catalase / analysis
- Dinoprostone / analysis
- Female
- Gastric Mucosa / chemistry
- Gastric Mucosa / drug effects
- Gastric Mucosa / metabolism
- Gastroscopy / veterinary
- Glutathione / analysis
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horses
- Male
- Malondialdehyde / analysis
- Nitric Oxide / analysis
- Oxidative Stress / drug effects
- Peroxidase / analysis
- Phenylbutazone / administration & dosage
- Phenylbutazone / adverse effects
- Stomach Ulcer / chemically induced
- Superoxide Dismutase / analysis
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Flood J, Stewart AJ. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Associated Toxicities in Horses. Animals (Basel) 2022 Oct 26;12(21).
- Gretler SR, Finno CJ, McKemie DS, Kass PH, Knych HK. Metabolism, pharmacokinetics and selected pharmacodynamic effects of codeine following a single oral administration to horses. Vet Anaesth Analg 2020 Sep;47(5):694-704.
- Ke J, Bian X, Liu H, Li B, Huo R. Edaravone reduces oxidative stress and intestinal cell apoptosis after burn through up-regulating miR-320 expression. Mol Med 2019 Dec 11;25(1):54.
- Tesena P, Yingchutrakul Y, Roytrakul S, Wongtawan T, Angkanaporn K. Serum protein expression in Equine Glandular Gastric Disease (EGGD) induced by phenylbutazone. J Vet Med Sci 2019 Mar 20;81(3):418-424.
- Suo H, Feng X, Zhu K, Wang C, Zhao X, Kan J. Shuidouchi (Fermented Soybean) Fermented in Different Vessels Attenuates HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury. Molecules 2015 Nov 2;20(11):19748-63.
- Ignácio FS, Garcia LV, de Souza GG, Amatti LZ, de Barros LD, Bergfelt DR, Camargo GS, de Meira C, de Almeida BFM. Hematological and Biochemical Effects Associated with Prolonged Administration of the NSAID Firocoxib in Adult Healthy Horses. Vet Sci 2024 Jun 5;11(6).
- Whitfield-Cargile CM, Chung HC, Coleman MC, Cohen ND, Chamoun-Emanuelli AM, Ivanov I, Goldsby JS, Davidson LA, Gaynanova I, Ni Y, Chapkin RS. Integrated analysis of gut metabolome, microbiome, and exfoliome data in an equine model of intestinal injury. Microbiome 2024 Apr 15;12(1):74.
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