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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Oxidative state in equine neonates: Anti- and pro-oxidants.
Equine veterinary journal2020; 53(2); 379-384; doi: 10.1111/evj.13297

Oxidative state in equine neonates: Anti- and pro-oxidants.

Abstract: In newborns, exposure to the extrauterine environment with high oxygen tension and sudden pulmonary adaptation leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS have several physiological roles, which are essential for neonatal development, however, when unbalanced, these highly unstable molecules can cause cellular destabilisation, compromising vital processes. Objective: To characterise the oxidative status in healthy equine neonates, evaluating an indicator of lipid peroxidation and both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems, during the first week of life. Methods: Experimental cohort. Methods: Twenty-four foals were evaluated, with blood collections performed at 5 minutes, 12, 72 and 168 hours after birth. The degree of lipid peroxidation was quantified using Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymatic activities, and total, conjugated and unconjugated serum bilirubin levels were also analysed. Comparisons were performed using ANOVA followed by a Tukey's test. Additionally, dependent variables were also evaluated with Pearson's correlation tests. Results: Higher GPx activity was observed at 12 and 72 hours when compared to 5 minutes. An increase in TBARS levels was found at 5 minutes after birth, followed by a decrease at 72 hours and stabilisation through subsequent moments until 168 hours after birth. No differences were observed in SOD activity when comparing the four time points. Bilirubin concentrations were lower at 5 minutes after birth and total and unconjugated bilirubin increased at 12 hours and decreased between 72 and 168 hours after birth. Conclusions: Lipid peroxidation at birth was high, suggesting an increase in ROS levels relating to physiological events in neonatal adaptation. Antioxidant systems, involving unconjugated bilirubin and GPx, were activated and these biomolecules act concomitantly to reduce ROS levels, thus maintaining oxidative homeostasis. Overall, our results suggest a pro-oxidant balance during the first 168 hours after birth in equine neonates.
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Publication Date: 2020-07-09 PubMed ID: 32492758DOI: 10.1111/evj.13297Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and various enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems in the neonatal development of horses during their first week of life. The study found a high level of lipid peroxidation at birth, indicating a rise in ROS levels, while antioxidant systems were triggered to maintain oxidative balance.

Research Aim

  • The research aimed to characterise the oxidative status in healthy equine neonates in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems.

Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a cohort study with a sample of twenty-four foals.
  • They collected blood samples at 5 minutes, 12, 72 and 168 hours after birth.
  • They used the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) to measure the degree of lipid peroxidation.
  • They also analysed superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymatic activities, as well as total, conjugated and unconjugated serum bilirubin levels.
  • The findings were compared using ANOVA and Tukey’s test for statistical significance. Any dependent variables were further evaluated using Pearson’s correlation tests.

Results

  • The study reported an increase in GPx activity at 12 and 72 hours compared to 5 minutes after birth.
  • TBARS levels rose 5 minutes after birth, then decreased at 72 hours and stabilised thereafter until 168 hours after birth.
  • No significant differences were seen in SOD activity over the four time points.
  • Bilirubin concentrations were low at 5 minutes after birth, and total and unconjugated bilirubin levels rose at 12 hours, before decreasing between 72 and 168 hours after birth.

Conclusion

  • The research found that lipid peroxidation was high at birth, suggesting an increase in ROS levels related to physiological events in the adaptation of neonates.
  • The antioxidants, unconjugated bilirubin and GPx, were activated and functioned together to reduce ROS levels, which helped in maintaining oxidative balance.
  • The overall findings suggest that there is a pro-oxidant balance during the first 168 hours after birth in equine newborns.

Cite This Article

APA
França de Souza D, Alonso MA, Brito MM, Meirelles MG, Francischini MCP, Nichi M, Fernandes CB. (2020). Oxidative state in equine neonates: Anti- and pro-oxidants. Equine Vet J, 53(2), 379-384. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13297

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 2
Pages: 379-384

Researcher Affiliations

França de Souza, Danilo
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Alonso, Maria A
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Brito, Maíra M
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Meirelles, Marcela G
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Francischini, Maria C P
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Nichi, Marcilio
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fernandes, Claudia B
  • Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Lipid Peroxidation
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

Grant Funding

  • 001 / Coordination for Improvement of People with Higher Level Education-Brazil (CAPES)
  • 2017/05425-0 / Su00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Sgorbini M, Bonelli F, Percacini G, Pasquini A, Rota A. Maternal and Neonatal Evaluation of Derived Reactive Oxygen Metabolites and Biological Antioxidant Potential in Donkey Mares and Foals.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Oct 3;11(10).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11102885pubmed: 34679906google scholar: lookup
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