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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Diagn Invest / Paeniclostridium (Clostridium) sordellii-associated enteroco...
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc2020; 32(2); 239-245; doi: 10.1177/1040638720903738

Paeniclostridium (Clostridium) sordellii-associated enterocolitis in 7 horses.

Abstract: Enteric disease in horses may be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including several clostridial species. (previously ) has been frequently associated with gas gangrene in humans and several animal species, including horses. However, its role in enteric diseases of animals has not been fully determined. We describe herein 7 cases of enteric disease in horses associated with infection. Grossly, the small and/or large intestines were necrotic, hemorrhagic, and edematous. Microscopically, there was severe mucosal necrosis and hemorrhage of the small and/or large intestine of all horses. was isolated and/or demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and/or PCR in the intestine of all horses. All other known causes of enteric disease in horses were ruled out in these 7 cases. should be considered among the differential diagnoses in cases of enteric disease in horses.
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Publication Date: 2020-02-13 PubMed ID: 32052697PubMed Central: PMC7081492DOI: 10.1177/1040638720903738Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article explores the potential link between the bacteria Paeniclostridium sordellii, formerly known as Clostridium sordellii, and gastrointestinal disease in horses. The bacterial infection was observed in seven horse subjects with serious intestinal afflictions; others causes of disease were ruled out, implying the bacterial role in the horses’ conditions.

Pathogenic Bacteria and Equine Enteric Disease

  • The article begins by asserting that various microorganisms, notably certain species of clostridium bacteria, can trigger enteric (intestinal) disease in horses. Paeniclostridium sordellii is historically associated with gas gangrene in multiple animal species, including humans and horses.
  • The study looks into this bacterium’s potential role in triggering enteric afflictions in animals, given that this aspect is yet to be fully established. To this end, seven cases of equine enteric disease that were linked to Paeniclostridium sordellii infection are described in the study.

Conditions Observed and Diagnostics Performed

  • Upon examination, both the large and small intestines of the affected horses were found to exhibit signs of disease. These included necrosis (cell death), hemorrhage (bleeding), and edema (swelling).
  • Microscopic examinations showed severe mucosal necrosis and hemorrhage in either the large or small intestine of all seven horse cases studied. Paeniclostridium sordellii was isolated from the intestines and detected using immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a common method to amplify and hence detect the pathogen’s DNA.

Exclusion of Alternative Causes and Implications

  • Crucially, other known causes of enteric disease in horses, such as different pathogens or toxins, were effectively dismissed in the seven cases. This strengthens the likelihood that the identified Paeniclostridium sordellii bacteria contributed significantly to the disease pathogenesis.
  • The study concludes by suggesting veterinarians to consider potential Paeniclostridium sordellii infections whenever they encounter equine patients with enteric disease. This helps ensure comprehensive diagnostic procedures and potentially more effective targeted treatment strategies.

Cite This Article

APA
Nyaoke AC, Navarro MA, Fresneda K, Diab SS, Moore J, Lyras D, Awad M, Uzal FA. (2020). Paeniclostridium (Clostridium) sordellii-associated enterocolitis in 7 horses. J Vet Diagn Invest, 32(2), 239-245. https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638720903738

Publication

Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
ISSN: 1943-4936
NlmUniqueID: 9011490
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 32
Issue: 2
Pages: 239-245

Researcher Affiliations

Nyaoke, Akinyi C
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).
Navarro, Mauricio A
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).
Fresneda, Karina
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).
Diab, Santiago S
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).
Moore, Janet
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).
Lyras, Dena
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).
Awad, Milena
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).
Uzal, Francisco A
  • California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino (Nyaoke, Navarro, Fresneda, Moore, Uzal) and Davis (Diab) branches, CA.
  • Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (Lyras, Awad).

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Clostridium / physiology
  • Clostridium Infections / diagnosis
  • Clostridium Infections / microbiology
  • Clostridium Infections / veterinary
  • Clostridium sordellii
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Enterocolitis / diagnosis
  • Enterocolitis / microbiology
  • Enterocolitis / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Intestine, Large / pathology
  • Intestine, Small / pathology

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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