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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Paraoxonase-1 activity evaluation as a diagnostic and progno...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2020; 34(2); 949-954; doi: 10.1111/jvim.15722

Paraoxonase-1 activity evaluation as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in horses and foals.

Abstract: In several species, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) decreases during inflammation, because of the presence of oxidative stress; its measurement recently has been validated in horses, but its role as a clinical biomarker is unknown. Objective: To evaluate sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratio of PON-1 activity to identify systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)-positive horses or horses with a poor prognosis. Methods: One hundred seventy-two blood samples from 58 sick horses from 3 different veterinary hospitals. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, PON-1 activity was measured upon admission and at 24-hour intervals until discharge or death, and results were analyzed based on SIRS status and outcome. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in median PON-1 activity between SIRS and non-SIRS cases or between survivors and non-survivors except for mares, in which PON-1 activity was significantly lower in SIRS-positive horses (P = .05). The sensitivity of PON-1 activity in identifying horses with SIRS or negative outcome was low (0.0%-46.2% depending on the examined group) but its specificity was high (87.0%-100.0%). However, when PON-1 is low, the likelihood of death is 2.40-3.89 times higher than the likelihood of survival. Repeated measurement of PON-1 after treatment does not predict outcome. Conclusions: Evaluation of PON-1 activity in horses with inflammation might be advisable in the future, but only low activity at admission may be relevant in predicting SIRS or negative outcome.
© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2020-03-10 PubMed ID: 32154619PubMed Central: PMC7096640DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15722Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper investigates the effectiveness of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity as a diagnosis and prognosis marker in horses and foals with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The study finds that PON-1 activity, while having low sensitivity, shows high specificity as a biological marker and indicates that low PON-1 activity at admission could predict the occurrence of inflammation, negative outcomes or even death.

Research methods

  • The study was based on a cross-sectional methodology and involved 172 blood samples collected from 58 sick horses from three different veterinary hospitals.
  • PON-1 activity was monitored throughout the subjects’ time in hospital, starting from admission and frequent intervals until their discharge or eventual death.
  • The results obtained from these observations were later analyzed considering the horses’ SIRS status and outcomes.

Study findings

  • No significant difference was noticed in the PON-1 activity level between horses classified as SIRS-positive, SIRS-negative, survivors, or non-survivors, with the only exception being the mares, which showed significantly lower PON-1 activity if they were SIRS-positive.
  • While the study found that PON-1 activity had low sensitivity (ranging between 0.0% to 46.2% depending on the examined group), it demonstrated high specificity (ranging between 87.0% to 100.0%) in identifying horses with SIRS or negative outcomes.
  • The study found that when PON-1 is low, the likelihood of the horse dying was 2.40-3.89 times higher than the likelihood of it surviving.
  • Furthermore, the study reports that the repeated measurement of PON-1 after treatment did not predict the outcome.

Conclusions

  • The researchers concluded that evaluating PON-1 activity in horses suffering from inflammation might be beneficial in the future, but reiterated that only low activity at admission may be significant in predicting negative outcomes or SIRS.
  • This research provides a basis for further exploration into the potential use of paraoxonase-1 activity as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in veterinary medicine.

Cite This Article

APA
Ruggerone B, Paltrinieri S, Giordano A, Scavone D, Nocera I, Rinnovati R, Spadari A, Scacco L, Pratelli P, Sgorbini M. (2020). Paraoxonase-1 activity evaluation as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in horses and foals. J Vet Intern Med, 34(2), 949-954. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15722

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 34
Issue: 2
Pages: 949-954

Researcher Affiliations

Ruggerone, Beatrice
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.
Paltrinieri, Saverio
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.
Giordano, Alessia
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.
Scavone, Donatella
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.
Nocera, Irene
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Rinnovati, Riccardo
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Spadari, Alessandro
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Scacco, Licia
  • Equivet Roma Hospital, Equine Veterinary Clinic, Roma, Italy.
Pratelli, Paola
  • Private Veterinary Practitioner, Pisa, Italy.
Sgorbini, Micaela
  • Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Aryldialkylphosphatase / blood
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Theuerkauf K, Obach-Schröck C, Staszyk C, Moritz A, Roscher KA. Activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates in the equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022 May;34(3):448-457.
    doi: 10.1177/10406387221077969pubmed: 35168432google scholar: lookup
  2. Scavone D, Sgorbini M, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP, Vitale V, Paltrinieri S. Serial measurements of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia. BMC Vet Res 2020 Nov 4;16(1):422.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02629-4pubmed: 33148245google scholar: lookup
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