Pathophysiologic effects of phenylbutazone on the right dorsal colon in horses.
Abstract: To determine pathophysiologic effects of phenylbutazone on the equine right dorsal colon (RDC). Methods: 12 healthy adult horses. Methods: A controlled crossover observational study was conducted. Clinical and serum variables, colonic inflammation (histologic grading), and measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) concentrations, ingesta volatile fatty acid (VFA) content, and arterial blood flow in the RDC were evaluated for a 21-day period in horses administered phenylbutazone (8.8 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h) or a control substance. Results: Data from 8 horses were analyzed. Plasma albumin concentrations decreased significantly from days 10 to 21 during phenylbutazone treatment, compared with results during the same days for the control treatment. Phenylbutazone treatment caused neutropenia (< 3.0 x 10(3) cells/microL). No other clinical or hematologic abnormalities were detected for phenylbutazone or control treatments. Two horses developed colitis while receiving phenylbutazone. No significant differences were detected in the RDC between phenylbutazone and control treatments for MPO activity, MDA and PGE(2) concentrations, and histologic evidence of inflammation. Arterial blood flow in the RDC was significantly increased during phenylbutazone treatment, compared with values for the control treatment. Differences were identified in VFA production during phenylbutazone treatment, compared with the control treatment, with a decrease in acetic acid concentrations over time. Conclusions: Prolonged phenylbutazone administration caused hypoalbuminemia, neutropenia, changes in RDC arterial blood flow, and changes in VFA production. Veterinarians should monitor serum albumin concentrations and neutrophil counts and be cautious when making dosing recommendations for phenylbutazone treatment of horses.
Publication Date: 2008-11-05 PubMed ID: 18980433DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.11.1496Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article discusses a study conducted to determine the effects of the drug phenylbutazone on the right dorsal colon (RDC) of horses, revealing some negative health impacts.
Research Method
- The research was an observational study, performed in a controlled, crossover manner.
- Twelve healthy adult horses were used for the study. However, only data from eight horses were analyzed.
- The horses were given phenylbutazone, a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (8.8 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h), or a control treatment, and evaluated over a period of 21 days.
Measurements and Results
- Several parameters were evaluated including clinical variables, serum variables, colonic inflammation, MPO activity, MDA and PGE(2) concentrations, ingesta volatile fatty acid content, and arterial blood flow in the RDC.
- During phenylbutazone treatment, the horses displayed a significant decrease in plasma albumin concentrations from days 10 to 21, compared to the control treatment.
- The treatment also caused a condition called neutropenia (a reduction in the number of neutrophils).
- Developments of colitis (inflammation of the colon) were observed in two horses receiving phenylbutazone.
- In terms of MPO activity, MDA and PGE(2) concentrations, and histologic evidence of inflammation, there were no significant differences in the RDC between phenylbutazone and control treatments.
- However, arterial blood flow in the RDC was significantly increased during phenylbutazone treatment, compared to the control.
- The drug treatment also led to a decrease in acetic acid concentrations over time, indicating changes in VFA production.
Conclusions
- The prolonged administration of phenylbutazone caused hypoalbuminemia (abnormally low levels of albumin in the blood), neutropenia, as well as changes in arterial blood flow and VFA production in the right dorsal colon.
- The researchers advise that veterinarians should closely monitor serum albumin concentrations and neutrophil counts during phenylbutazone treatment and exercise caution when determining dosing recommendations.
Cite This Article
APA
McConnico RS, Morgan TW, Williams CC, Hubert JD, Moore RM.
(2008).
Pathophysiologic effects of phenylbutazone on the right dorsal colon in horses.
Am J Vet Res, 69(11), 1496-1505.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.69.11.1496 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Equine Health Studies Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Colitis / chemically induced
- Colitis / pathology
- Colitis / veterinary
- Colon / blood supply
- Colon / drug effects
- Colon / physiopathology
- Cross-Over Studies
- Fatty Acids / metabolism
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Malondialdehyde / metabolism
- Peroxidase / metabolism
- Phenylbutazone / toxicity
- Prostaglandins E / metabolism
- Regional Blood Flow / drug effects
- Time Factors
Citations
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