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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Perioperative lung ultrasonography in healthy horses undergo...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2022; 36(3); 1160-1172; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16408

Perioperative lung ultrasonography in healthy horses undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery.

Abstract: Lung ultrasound (LUS) is poorly evaluated in horses, especially perioperatively. Objective: (1) Describe LUS findings in healthy horses before and after general anesthesia (GA), (2) evaluate if GA induces ultrasonographic changes in healthy horses, (3) suggest a LUS scoring system, (4) identify horse variables that are associated to LUS changes after anesthesia. Methods: Twenty-five healthy adult horses undergoing elective surgery. Methods: Prospective hypothesis-driven observational study. LUS findings were recorded before anesthesia, 5 minutes in recovery, 15 minutes, 2H, 3H, 4H, 6H, and 24H after anesthesia in 8 lung regions. Clinical data were collected perioperatively. Results: There was a significant increase in amount of I-lines (10.8 ± 8.7 vs 15.28 ± 8.19), B-lines (3.2 ± 3.5 vs 8.72 ± 4.86), and coalescent B-lines (0.04 ± 0.2 vs 1.12 ± 1.45) after anesthesia compared to before anesthesia, and a significantly higher LUS score 2H after anesthesia (4.92 ± 8.40) compared to before anesthesia (0.9 ± 1.8; P = .02). The maximal LUS score after anesthesia was correlated to total procedure time (Pearson r = 0.4, P = .05; Spearman r = 0.44, P = .03) and was significantly higher in horses with abnormal cardiorespiratory values during anesthesia (P = .005). Conclusions: LUS changes can be induced by GA in healthy horses. This study did not investigate if and which LUS findings indicate lesions, however, this information can aid clinicians to identify pulmonary complications after anesthesia.
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2022-03-24 PubMed ID: 35322893PubMed Central: PMC9151480DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16408Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Observational Study
  • Veterinary

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article focuses on understanding the impact of general anesthesia on the lungs of healthy horses undergoing elective surgery. The study suggests that changes can be seen in the lungs via ultrasound after the administration of general anesthesia.

Objective

  • The main objective of this research was to describe the findings from a lung ultrasound (LUS) performed on healthy horses before and after they underwent general anesthesia for elective surgery. The study also aimed to evaluate if general anesthesia induces any changes visible on ultrasound in the lungs of these horses. Furthermore, the research proposed a scoring system for lung ultrasound and sought to identify variables in horses that may correlate with the observed post-anesthesia lung ultrasound changes.

Methods

  • A total of 25 healthy adult horses undergoing elective surgery were included in this prospective, hypothesis-driven observational study. The researchers performed lung ultrasound in eight lung regions of each horse at different intervals – before anesthesia, 5 minutes into the recovery, and then 15 minutes, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours after anesthesia. Additionally, clinicians collected clinical data during the perioperative period – the time immediately before, during, and after surgery.

Results

  • The results showed a significant increase in the amounts of I-lines and B-lines, ultrasound artifacts that can suggest abnormalities in the lungs, and coalescent B-lines (merged B-lines) following anesthesia compared to before the application of anesthesia.
  • All these results culminated in a higher LUS score two hours after anesthesia compared to before anesthesia.
  • The maximal LUS score post-anesthesia correlated significantly with the total procedure time. Moreover, it was significantly higher in horses that had abnormal cardiorespiratory values during anesthesia.

Conclusion

  • In conclusion, the study demonstrates that general anesthesia can induce changes in the lungs of healthy horses, as visible on lung ultrasound. Although this study does not investigate if and which lung ultrasound findings might indicate actual lung lesions, the information can help clinicians identify potential pulmonary complications following anesthesia in horses undergoing surgery.

Cite This Article

APA
Ribonnet C, Palmers K, Saegerman C, Vanderperren K, van Galen G. (2022). Perioperative lung ultrasonography in healthy horses undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery. J Vet Intern Med, 36(3), 1160-1172. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16408

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 36
Issue: 3
Pages: 1160-1172

Researcher Affiliations

Ribonnet, Caroline
  • Dierenkliniek de Morette, Asse, Belgium.
Palmers, Katrien
  • Dierenkliniek de Morette, Asse, Belgium.
Saegerman, Claude
  • Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiege), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal Health (FARAH) Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium.
Vanderperren, Katrien
  • Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals and Orthopaedics of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
van Galen, Gaby
  • SSVS, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Anesthesia, General / adverse effects
  • Anesthesia, General / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Lung / diagnostic imaging
  • Prospective Studies
  • Ultrasonography / methods
  • Ultrasonography / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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