Persistence of anti-zonae pellucidae antibodies following a single inoculation of porcine zonae pellucidae in the domestic equine.
Abstract: In this study of equids, we investigated the antibody response and the effect on the estrous cycle following a single inoculation of porcine zonae pellucidae (pZP) employing controlled-release methodology. We also investigated the use of two different water-soluble adjuvants as an alternative to oil-based adjuvants. Twenty-seven domestic mares were inoculated with various formulations of pZP and adjuvant. We showed that the anti-pZP antibodies generated as a result of the inoculations persisted for at least 43 weeks (length of the study). Of the various formulations used in the study, pZP and QS-21 water-soluble adjuvant, administered in combination with an emulsified preparation of pZP and Freund's Complete Adjuvant generated a significantly (P < 0.05) higher titer of anti-pZP antibodies when compared with other formulations employing the water-soluble adjuvant, Carbopol. Hormone analyses for cyclicity indicated a high incidence and extended duration of persistent corpora lutea among the treated mares. The positive control group of mares receiving two standard inoculations of pZP and Freund's Complete and Incomplete Adjuvants, as well as the placebo group of mares injected with QS-21 only, also exhibited high incidences of persistent corpora lutea. However, all mares eventually returned to normal cyclicity. The basis for the high incidence and extended duration of persistent corpora lutea was unexplained. The results demonstrate for the first time the persistent generation of anti-pZP antibodies following a single inoculation of pZP incorporated into a controlled-released preparation in the horse. This study further suggests that a single inoculation of pZP sequestered in a controlled-release lactide-glycolide polymer may serve as an alternative to traditional two-inoculation protocols for contraception investigations in the equine.
Publication Date: 2005-02-08 PubMed ID: 15695612DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00168Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
Summary
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The research investigates the effect and persistence of the immune response in horses after a single dose inoculation of porcine zona pellucida (pZP), focusing on its possible use as an alternate approach to traditional contraception methods.
Research Methodology
- A group of 27 domestic mares were included in the study and were injected with different formulations of pZP and an adjuvant (agent that boosts the immune response).
- The research focused on two water-soluble adjuvants, QS-21 and Carbopol, with the aim of exploring potential alternatives to oil-based adjuvants.
- The pZP was incorporated into a controlled-release methodology, designed to manage how quickly and when the substances were released into the body.
Research Observations
- Anti-pZP antibodies were found to persist for at least 43 weeks following the single inoculation, with no significant decline observed during the study period.
- The combination of pZP, QS-21 water-soluble adjuvant, and Freund’s Complete Adjuvant, resulted in a significantly higher titer of anti-pZP antibodies as compared to other formulations that used Carbopol as the adjuvant.
- Hormone analysis revealed an extended duration of persistent corpora lutea (the structure in the ovaries that forms after ovulation and secretes progesterone) among the treated mares, suggestive of disrupted estrous cycles. A similar observation was also noticed in the control group that received a placebo and standard inoculations of pZP.
Research Conclusions
- Despite the disruptions, all mares eventually returned to a normal estrous cycle, indicating the absence of permanent fertility damage caused by the pZP inoculation.
- This study established, for the first time, the sustained production of anti-pZP antibodies following a single dose of pZP, highlighting its potential benefits in contraceptive investigations for equines.
- Furthermore, the use of a single dose of pZP, when combined with a controlled-release lactide-glycolide polymer, was found to be a promising alternative to traditional two-dose protocols.
Cite This Article
APA
Liu IK, Turner JW, Van Leeuwen EM, Flanagan DR, Hedrick JL, Murata K, Lane VM, Morales-Levy MP.
(2005).
Persistence of anti-zonae pellucidae antibodies following a single inoculation of porcine zonae pellucidae in the domestic equine.
Reproduction, 129(2), 181-190.
https://doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00168 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. ikliu@ucdavis.edu
MeSH Terms
- Acrylic Resins
- Animals
- Antibodies / blood
- Blotting, Western / methods
- Corpus Luteum Maintenance
- Delayed-Action Preparations
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods
- Female
- Freund's Adjuvant / pharmacology
- Horses / immunology
- Immunization
- Immunohistochemistry / methods
- Polyvinyls / pharmacology
- Pregnancy
- Progesterone / blood
- Saponins / pharmacology
- Swine
- Time Factors
- Zona Pellucida / immunology
- Zona Pellucida / transplantation
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Garinot M, Piras-Douce F, Probeck P, Chambon V, Varghese K, Liu Y, Luna E, Drake D, Haensler J. A potent novel vaccine adjuvant based on straight polyacrylate.. Int J Pharm X 2020 Dec;2:100054.
- Gartlan KH, Krashias G, Wegmann F, Hillson WR, Scherer EM, Greenberg PD, Eisenbarth SC, Moghaddam AE, Sattentau QJ. Sterile inflammation induced by Carbopol elicits robust adaptive immune responses in the absence of pathogen-associated molecular patterns.. Vaccine 2016 Apr 27;34(19):2188-96.
- Perez-Rivero JJ, Martinez-Maya JJ, Perez-Martinez M, Aguilar-Setien A, Garcia-Suarez MD, Serrano H. Phytoestrogen treatment induces testis alterations in dogs. Potential use in population control.. Vet Res Commun 2009 Jan;33(1):87-95.
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