Persistent breeding-induced endometritis after hysteroscopic insemination in the mare.
Abstract: Low-dose insemination has been proposed to reduce persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE) in mares with delayed uterine clearance (DUC). Others proposed that hysteroscopic insemination induces an exaggerated inflammatory response and should be avoided in DUC mares. The objectives here were to evaluate presence and severity of PBIE in normal and DUC mares after hysteroscopic insemination with fresh semen, and to determine if hysteroscopy could be used in DUC mares without inducing excessive inflammation. Reproductively normal (n = 4) and DUC (n = 5) mares received four treatments in random order: uterine body insemination (UB, 1 × 10(9) spermatozoa, 20 ml), hysteroscopic insemination (HYST, 5 × 10(6) spermatozoa, 0.5 ml), sham hysteroscopic insemination (SHAM, semen extender, 0.5 ml) and hysteroscopic infusion of seminal plasma (SP, 0.5 ml). Significantly more DUC (50%) mares than normal (14%) mares accumulated intrauterine fluid 24 h post-treatment. The difference in fluid accumulation between DUC (40%) mares and normal (7%) mares was also significant 48 h post-treatment. Fluid scores were not significantly different between treatments in normal mares. However, treatments HYST and SHAM resulted in significantly higher fluid scores 24 h but not 48 h post-treatment in DUC mares. There was no effect of treatment or mare group on the percentage and total number of neutrophils in uterine fluid 48 h post-treatment. Percentage of neutrophils was correlated with duration of hysteroscopy in normal mares, with procedures lasting ≥ 9 min associated with PBIE. There was no effect of mare group, treatment or duration of hysteroscopy on pregnancy rate. Hysteroscopy induces a transient inflammation that is not more severe than that after conventional artificial insemination, suggesting no contraindication to its use in DUC mares.
© 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
Publication Date: 2011-11-28 PubMed ID: 22117796DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01951.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The study investigated the effects of different insemination methods on the incidence of persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE) in mares with delayed uterine clearance (DUC) and normally breeding mares. It found that hysteroscopic insemination does not induce more severe inflammation than traditional insemination, implying that it could be considered for use in mares with DUC.
Research Aims and Methods
- The study aimed to assess the presence and severity of persistent breeding-induced endometitis (PBIE) in both normal and DUC mares after hysteroscopic insemination with fresh semen. It also intended to determine whether hysteroscopy could be used in DUC mares without causing excessive inflammation.
- The mares (4 normal and 5 DUC) received four kinds of treatment in random order: uterine body insemination (UB), hysteroscopic insemination (HYST), sham (fake) hysteroscopic insemination (SHAM), and hysteroscopic infusion of seminal plasma (SP).
Results
- The researchers noted significantly more fluid accumulation in DUC mares than in normal mares 24 hours after the procedures. This difference was also significant 48 hours post-treatment.
- While fluid scores didn’t significantly differ between treatments in normal mares, the HYST and SHAM treatments resulted in significantly higher fluid scores 24 hours post-treatment in DUC mares.
- The percentage and total number of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell often indicative of inflammation) in uterine fluid 48 hours post-treatment were not affected by the treatment or the mare group.
- The percentage of neutrophils correlated with the duration of hysteroscopy in normal mares, with PBIE associated with procedures lasting nine minutes or more.
- Neither the mare group nor the duration of hysteroscopy affected the pregnancy rate.
Conclusion
The researchers concluded that hysteroscopy induces transient inflammation that is not more severe than that after conventional artificial insemination. This suggests that hysteroscopy could be used without causing excessive inflammation in mare’s with DUC. This opens potential for further research into different insemination techniques that could improve the breeding process in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Ferrer MS, Lyle SK, Paccamonti DL, Eilts BE, Hosgood G, Godke RA.
(2011).
Persistent breeding-induced endometritis after hysteroscopic insemination in the mare.
Reprod Domest Anim, 47(5), 732-739.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01951.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Health Studies Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. mferrer@vet.k-state.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Body Fluids / cytology
- Body Fluids / diagnostic imaging
- Body Fluids / physiology
- Breeding / methods
- Endometritis / etiology
- Endometritis / pathology
- Endometritis / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Hysteroscopy / adverse effects
- Hysteroscopy / methods
- Hysteroscopy / veterinary
- Insemination, Artificial / adverse effects
- Insemination, Artificial / veterinary
- Pregnancy
- Ultrasonography
- Uterus / diagnostic imaging
- Uterus / pathology
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