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Home / Equine Research Bank / Infect Immun / Persistent cryptosporidiosis in horses with severe combined ...
Infection and immunity1991; 59(10); 3823-3826; doi: 10.1128/iai.59.10.3823-3826.1991

Persistent cryptosporidiosis in horses with severe combined immunodeficiency.

Abstract: Cryptosporidial infections were established in five young foals with severe combined immunodeficiency following oral administration of 10(8) Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. All foals shed oocysts (average of 8 x 10(6) to 2 x 10(8)/g of feces) until death. Inflammation and C. parvum organisms were observed in the common bile duct, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Since foals with severe combined immunodeficiency lack functional T and B lymphocytes and are incapable of antigen-specific immune responses, they are well suited for evaluating the pathogenesis and treatment of persistent cryptosporidiosis.
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Publication Date: 1991-10-01 PubMed ID: 1894380PubMed Central: PMC258958DOI: 10.1128/iai.59.10.3823-3826.1991Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the pathogenesis of persistent Cryptosporidium parvum infections in young foals that have severe combined immunodeficiency, characterized by the lack of functional T and B lymphocytes, highlighting their potential use in studying and developing treatments for cryptosporidiosis.

Understanding the Experiment

  • The researchers aimed to study the progression of cryptosporidiosis, a parasitic disease caused by the organism Cryptosporidium parvum, in foals (young horses) with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). SCID is a genetic disorder that results in the absence of functional T and B lymphocytes, inhibiting the body’s ability to launch a specific immune response against invading pathogens.
  • The experimental subject group was made up of young foals with SCID, and the infections were induced via oral administration of a large quantity (10^8) of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, which are the life-stage forms of the parasite.

Observations and Findings

  • All the infected foals began to shed oocysts, ranging from 8 × 10^6 to 2 × 10^8 per gram of feces, until their demise. This established that the foals were unable to control or eliminate the infection, signifying the persistent nature of the infection.
  • On examining the common bile duct, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of these foals, inflammation and C. parvum organisms were observed, indicating the areas where the infection had reached and persisted.

Utility for Further Studies

  • The inability of these foals to mount a specific immune response due to the lack of functional T and B lymphocytes makes them a suitable model for further studies on the pathogenesis of and the development of therapies for cryptosporidiosis, especially those cases that become persistent and do not respond to traditional treatment methods.
  • The study provides valuable insight into the persistent nature of cryptosporidiosis in the absence of a functional immune response, offering a basis for further investigations to understand the mechanisms behind persistence and strategies to counteract it.

Cite This Article

APA
Bjorneby JM, Leach DR, Perryman LE. (1991). Persistent cryptosporidiosis in horses with severe combined immunodeficiency. Infect Immun, 59(10), 3823-3826. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.59.10.3823-3826.1991

Publication

Infection and immunity
ISSN: 0019-9567
NlmUniqueID: 0246127
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 59
Issue: 10
Pages: 3823-3826

Researcher Affiliations

Bjorneby, J M
  • Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-7040.
Leach, D R
    Perryman, L E

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Cryptosporidiosis / etiology
      • Diarrhea / etiology
      • Diarrhea / veterinary
      • Feces / parasitology
      • Horse Diseases
      • Horses
      • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / complications
      • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / veterinary

      Grant Funding

      • AI-25731 / NIAID NIH HHS

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 5 times.
      1. McCLURE JT, Lunn DP, McGUIRK SM. Combined immunodeficiency in 3 foals. Equine Vet Educ 1993 Feb;5(1):14-18.
        doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3292.1993.tb00983.xpubmed: 32313404google scholar: lookup
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        doi: 10.1186/2046-0481-59-9-495pubmed: 21851686google scholar: lookup
      3. Majewska AC, Solarczyk P, Tamang L, Graczyk TK. Equine Cryptosporidium parvum infections in western Poland. Parasitol Res 2004 Jul;93(4):274-8.
        doi: 10.1007/s00436-004-1111-ypubmed: 15156396google scholar: lookup
      4. Perryman LE, Mason PH, Chrisp CE. Effect of spleen cell populations on resolution of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in SCID mice. Infect Immun 1994 Apr;62(4):1474-7.
        doi: 10.1128/iai.62.4.1474-1477.1994pubmed: 7907581google scholar: lookup
      5. Salem SE, Abd El-Ghany AM, Elsheikh HA, Abdel-Ghany EM, Ras R. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in a working horse population in Egypt. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023 Oct 18;55(6):361.
        doi: 10.1007/s11250-023-03773-3pubmed: 37851181google scholar: lookup
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