Pharmacokinetics and body fluid and endometrial concentrations of ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine in mares.
Abstract: Six healthy adult mares were each given an oral loading dose of ormetoprim(OMP)-sulfadimethoxine (SDM) at a dosage of 9.2 mg of OMP/kg and 45.8 mg of SDM/kg, followed by four maintenance doses of 4.6 mg of OMP/kg and 22.9 mg of SDM/kg, at 24 h intervals. Ormetoprim and SDM concentrations were measured in serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and endometrium. The highest mean serum OMP concentration was 0.92 micrograms/mL 0.5 h after the first dose; the highest mean SDM concentration was 80.9 micrograms/mL 8 h after the first dose. The highest mean synovial fluid concentrations were 0.14 microgram of OMP/mL and 28.5 micrograms of SDM/mL 12 h after the first dose. The highest mean peritoneal fluid concentrations were 0.19 micrograms of OMP/mL 6 h after the first dose and 25.5 micrograms of SDM/mL 8 h after the fifth dose. The highest mean endometrial concentrations were 0.56 micrograms of OMP/g and 28.5 micrograms of SDM/g 4 h after the fifth dose. The mean cerebrospinal fluid concentrations were 0.08 micrograms of OMP/mL and 2.1 micrograms of SDM/mL 5 h after the fifth dose. Mean trough urine drug concentrations were greater than or equal to 0.4 micrograms of OMP/mL and greater than or equal to 172 micrograms of SDM/mL. Two of the mares were each given a single intravenous (IV) injection of OMP and SDM at a dosage of 9.2 mg of OMP/kg and 45.8 mg of SDM/kg. Excitation and muscle fasciculations were observed in both mares after IV administration and all scheduled blood samples could be collected from only one of the two mares.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1989-01-01 PubMed ID: 2914221PubMed Central: PMC1255505
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
Summary
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This research article focuses on investigating the pharmacokinetics and concentration levels of a drug combination (ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine) administered orally to healthy adult mares. The drug concentrations in different body fluids and tissues over time were also explored.
Methodology
- Researchers conducted an experiment on six healthy adult mares.
- An initial oral loading dose of ormetoprim (OMP)-sulfadimethoxine (SDM) was given to each mare at specific dosage levels.
- This loading dose was followed by four maintenance doses with specific intervals and consisting of half the quantity of the loading dose.
- A separate experiment was performed with two mares that were administered a single intravenous (IV) injection of the same drug combination at similar dosage levels as the initial loading dose.
Measurements and Results
- Drug concentrations were measured in serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and endometrium at different time points post administration.
- The highest average drug concentrations were found in the serum, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and endometrium at specific hours after the first or fifth dose.
- The mean cerebrospinal fluid concentrations and mean urine drug concentrations were also measured post the fifth dose.
- Adverse effects, such as excitation and muscle fasciculations, were observed in the mares given an intravenous injection of the drug combination.
Significance of the Findings
- This research provides valuable insight into the pharmacokinetic properties of the ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine drug combination in mares.
- It illustrates the different levels of drug concentrations in various body fluids and tissues over time.
- The experiment demonstrates the potential adverse effects of the intravenous administration of the drug mix, which could have implications for dosage and administration methods in future treatment plans.
Cite This Article
APA
Brown MP, Gronwall RR, Houston AE.
(1989).
Pharmacokinetics and body fluid and endometrial concentrations of ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine in mares.
Can J Vet Res, 53(1), 12-16.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Surgical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0136.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Ascitic Fluid / analysis
- Ascitic Fluid / metabolism
- Ascitic Fluid / veterinary
- Body Fluids / analysis
- Body Fluids / metabolism
- Drug Combinations
- Endometrium / analysis
- Endometrium / metabolism
- Female
- Horses / metabolism
- Pyrimidines / analysis
- Pyrimidines / blood
- Pyrimidines / cerebrospinal fluid
- Pyrimidines / pharmacokinetics
- Pyrimidines / urine
- Sulfadimethoxine / analysis
- Sulfadimethoxine / blood
- Sulfadimethoxine / cerebrospinal fluid
- Sulfadimethoxine / pharmacokinetics
- Sulfadimethoxine / urine
- Synovial Fluid / analysis
- Synovial Fluid / metabolism
References
This article includes 12 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Adams AR, Haines GR, Brown MP, Gronwall R, Merritt K. Pharmacokinetics of difloxacin and its concentration in body fluids and endometrial tissues of mares after repeated intragastric administration. Can J Vet Res 2005 Jul;69(3):229-35.
- Haines GR, Brown MP, Gronwall RR, Merritt KA, Baltzley LK. Pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin and its concentration in body fluids and in endometrial tissues of mares. Can J Vet Res 2001 Jul;65(3):181-7.
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