Phenotypic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytes in horses with chronic pulmonary disease.
Abstract: A panel of specific antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, MHC I and II was used in single and two colour flow cytometry to define T cell subpopulations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and of healthy controls. According to the results of the clinical examination including bronchoscopy and cytology of the tracheal aspirate the horses were divided into four groups (healthy, subclinically to mildly affected; moderately affected, and severely affected). All groups of horses had a similar percentage of CD3+ cells in the BALF. Compared to controls, severely affected horses had a significantly increased number of CD4+ cells in the BALF, but a similar percentage of CD4+ cells whereas mildly and moderately affected horses had a decreased percentage. The percentage and number of CD8+ cells and the percentage of CD8+/MHCII+ cells in the BALF was found to be higher than normal and varied according to the disease state. This novel finding raises the possibility that not only the CD4+ cells but also the CD8+ cells are involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. The percentage and the number of CD8+ cells in BALF might be of diagnostic value to detect subclinical to mild cases of COPD.
Publication Date: 1999-05-25 PubMed ID: 10337233DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.1999.00210.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Clinical Examination
- Clinical Pathology
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Equine Health
- Flow Cytometry
- Horses
- Immunology
- Leukocytes
- Lymphocytes
- Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
- Pathogenesis
- Pulmonary Health
- Respiratory Disease
- T Cells
- Veterinary Medicine
- White Blood Cells
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research investigates the role of certain T cell subpopulations in horses suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It found that the number of certain T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (a method for examining the lungs) varied in horses, depending on the severity of their COPD.
Methodology
- Specific antibodies (CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, MHC I and II) were used in single and two-colour flow cytometry. This enabled the definition of T cell subpopulations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of COPD-affected horses and healthy controls.
- Following clinical examination, bronchoscopy, and tracheal aspirate cytology, the horses were categorized into four groups – healthy; subclinically to mildly affected; moderately affected; and severely affected.
Findings
- All groups had a similar percentage of CD3+ cells in their BALF.
- Severely affected horses had significantly more CD4+ cells in their BALF when compared with controls, but their CD4+ cell percentage remained similar. However, both mildly and moderately affected horses exhibited decreased CD4+ cell percentages.
- The percentage and quantity of CD8+ cells, and the percentage of CD8+/MHCII+ cells in the BALF, was found to be higher than normal. These numbers varied depending on the disease state, suggesting CD8+ cells’ involvement in COPD pathogenesis which is a new revelation.
Implications
- This research proposes that not just CD4+ cells, but also CD8+ cells could play a role in COPD progression.
- The CD8+ cells percentage and quantity in the BALF may serve as a diagnostic marker to identify subclinical to mild COPD cases.
Cite This Article
APA
Kleiber C, Grünig G, Jungi T, Schmucker N, Gerber H, Davis WC, Straub R.
(1999).
Phenotypic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytes in horses with chronic pulmonary disease.
Zentralbl Veterinarmed A, 46(3), 177-184.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.1999.00210.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Klinik für Nutztiere und Pferde, University of Berne, Switzerland.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / analysis
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / immunology
- Flow Cytometry
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / analysis
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / analysis
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses
- Immunophenotyping
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / immunology
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / physiopathology
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / veterinary
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Simões J, Batista M, Tilley P. The Immune Mechanisms of Severe Equine Asthma-Current Understanding and What Is Missing. Animals (Basel) 2022 Mar 16;12(6).
- Moran G, Buechner-Maxwell VA, Folch H, Henriquez C, Galecio JS, Perez B, Carrasco C, Barria M. Increased apoptosis of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in the airways of horses with recurrent airway obstruction. Vet Res Commun 2011 Oct;35(7):447-56.
- Herholz C, Straub R, Busato A. The variability and repeatability of indices derived from the single-breath diagram for CO2 in horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the effect of lobelin hydrochloride on these indices. Vet Res Commun 2001 Jul;25(5):401-12.
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