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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can J Vet Res / Phenylbutazone prevents the endotoxin-induced delay in gastr...
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire1998; 62(3); 214-217;

Phenylbutazone prevents the endotoxin-induced delay in gastric emptying in horses.

Abstract: The effect of phenylbutazone on gastric emptying in horses was determined by measuring serum concentrations of acetaminophen. Gastric emptying was determined in normal fasted horses (n = 6), horses given endotoxin intravenously (n = 6), horses given intravenous phenylbutazone (n = 6), and horses given intravenous phenylbutazone plus endotoxin (n = 6). The mean time to reach maximum serum acetaminophen concentration (Tmax), the maximum serum concentration (Cmax), and the area under the serum acetaminophen concentration versus time curve (AUC) were compared among treatment groups. Phenylbutazone did not alter gastric emptying in normal horses. Endotoxin caused a profound delay in gastric emptying, and pretreatment with phenylbutazone abolished this effect.
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Publication Date: 1998-07-31 PubMed ID: 9684051PubMed Central: PMC1189478
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research tests how phenylbutazone, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), affects gastric emptying in horses, particularly when these animals have ingested endotoxins – harmful substances produced by certain bacteria.

Methodology and Groups

  • The researchers established four groups of horses to explore the impact of phenylbutazone and endotoxins on gastric emptying, the process by which food moves from the stomach to the small intestine. There were six horses in each group.
  • The first group consisted of fasted (unfed) horses that served as controls, or baseline measurements of gastric emptying under normal conditions.
  • The second set of horses were given endotoxins intravenously, to stimulate bacterial infection and observe its effects on gastric emptying.
  • The third group was given phenylbutazone intravenously so the researchers could examine how this NSAID affected gastric emptying when given alone.
  • In the fourth group, horses were pretreated with phenylbutazone before administering endotoxins to investigate if the drug could alleviate any endotoxin-induced delays on gastric emptying.

Procedure and Measurements

  • The researchers used acetaminophen to measure gastric emptying. Serum concentrations of this drug rise after it’s ingested, absorbed from the stomach into the bloodstream, and peaks once the stomach is empty.
  • Three main metrics were recorded: the mean time to reach maximum serum acetaminophen concentration (Tmax), the maximum serum concentration itself (Cmax), and the area under the serum acetaminophen concentration versus time curve (AUC). These all indirectly provide information on the rate and extent of gastric emptying.

Results and Observations

  • The researchers found that phenylbutazone did not alter gastric emptying in normal horses, suggesting that the drug doesn’t affect digestion under normal circumstances.
  • When exposed to endotoxins, the horses experienced a significant delay in gastric emptying, demonstrating the harmful potential of these bacteria-produced substances.
  • Interestingly, pretreatment with phenylbutazone seemed to nullify the endotoxin’s detrimental effects on gastric emptying, suggesting that the drug could be used therapeutically to protect horses against bacterial infections that produce endotoxins.

Cite This Article

APA
Valk N, Doherty TJ, Blackford JT, Abraha TW, Frazier DL. (1998). Phenylbutazone prevents the endotoxin-induced delay in gastric emptying in horses. Can J Vet Res, 62(3), 214-217.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 0830-9000
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 62
Issue: 3
Pages: 214-217

Researcher Affiliations

Valk, N
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville 37901-1071, USA.
Doherty, T J
    Blackford, J T
      Abraha, T W
        Frazier, D L

          MeSH Terms

          • Acetaminophen / pharmacokinetics
          • Animals
          • Endotoxins / administration & dosage
          • Endotoxins / toxicity
          • Escherichia coli
          • Fasting
          • Female
          • Gastric Emptying / drug effects
          • Horses
          • Injections, Intravenous
          • Metabolic Clearance Rate
          • Phenylbutazone / administration & dosage
          • Phenylbutazone / pharmacology

          References

          This article includes 15 references
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          Citations

          This article has been cited 5 times.
          1. Talbot SE, Tallon R, Dunkel B. Clinical presentation and outcome of gastric impactions with or without concurrent intestinal lesions in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Jul-Aug;37(4):1544-1551.
            doi: 10.1111/jvim.16735pubmed: 37403262google scholar: lookup
          2. Mendoza Garcia FJ, Gonzalez-De Cara C, Aguilera-Aguilera R, Buzon-Cuevas A, Perez-Ecija A. Meloxicam ameliorates the systemic inflammatory response syndrome associated with experimentally induced endotoxemia in adult donkeys. J Vet Intern Med 2020 Jul;34(4):1631-1641.
            doi: 10.1111/jvim.15783pubmed: 32463537google scholar: lookup
          3. Koenig J, Cote N. Equine gastrointestinal motility--ileus and pharmacological modification. Can Vet J 2006 Jun;47(6):551-9.
            pubmed: 16808227
          4. Meisler SD, Doherty TJ, Andrews FM, Osborne D, Frazier DL. Yohimbine ameliorates the effects of endotoxin on gastric emptying of the liquid marker acetaminophen in horses. Can J Vet Res 2000 Oct;64(4):208-11.
            pubmed: 11041497
          5. Doherty TJ, Andrews FM, Abraha TW, Osborne D, Frazier DL. Metoclopramide ameliorates the effects of endotoxin on gastric emptying of acetaminophen in horses. Can J Vet Res 1999 Jan;63(1):37-40.
            pubmed: 9918332
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