FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Scientific reports2024; 14(1); 30842; doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81338-6

Phosphorylation of SNW1 protein associated with equine melanocytic neoplasm identified in serum and feces.

Abstract: Equine melanocytic neoplasm (EMN) represents a form of skin tumor observed predominantly in grey horses aged over 15 years. Despite its prevalence, current therapeutic and preventive strategies for EMN have been subject to limited investigation. This study endeavors to shed light on potential phosphoproteins present in equine serum and fecal samples, potentially linked to EMN, with a specific focus on functional interactions in EMN pathogenesis. We examined 50 samples (25 serum, 25 feces), divided into three groups based on EMN severity: normal (n = 16), mild (n = 18), and severe EMN (n = 16). Equine phosphoproteome analysis identified 2,359 annotated serum phosphoproteins and 2002 annotated fecal phosphoproteins through differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). KEGG analysis emphasized the role of environmental information processing. Notably, the integrin NF-kappaB binding P-TEFb to stimulate transcriptional elongation signaling pathway, involving SNW1 protein, was implicated in early stage of EMN development in both serum and fecal samples. This highlights SNW1's potential role in mediating transcriptional processes, offering a novel marker within environmental information processing. This study enhances understanding of EMN mechanisms in horses, suggesting early detection through non-invasive methods and identifying a functional pathway involving SNW1, which could inform future treatment and prevention strategies.
© 2024. The Author(s).
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2024-12-28 PubMed ID: 39730520PubMed Central: PMC11680861DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81338-6Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explored potential proteins linked with equine melanocytic neoplasm (EMN) – a form of skin tumor common in older grey horses – in serum and fecal samples of horses with varying degrees of the disease. The study found important proteins that seem to play a role in the development of the disease, most notably SNW1, suggesting the possibility of early, non-invasive detection methods and new directions for treatment strategies.

Study Background and Objectives

  • The main objective of this study was to identify potentially significant phosphoproteins present in the serum and feces of horses that have some connection with equine melanocytic neoplasm (EMN).
  • The aim was to provide improved understanding on the disease mechanisms of EMN, which is a prevalent condition among grey horses over 15 years old but had not been the subject of extensive research to date.

Research Methodology

  • 50 samples (25 each from serum and feces) were examined for this study, with subjects divided into three groups according to the severity of EMN – normal, mild, and severe.
  • Through the analysis of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), the team identified 2,359 serum phosphoproteins and 2002 fecal phosphoproteins relevant to the study.
  • The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was used to underscore the importance of environmental information processing within the identified proteins.

Key Findings and Potential Implications

  • A key signaling pathway involving the SNW1 protein was implicated at an early stage of EMN development in both serum and fecal samples.
  • This suggests that SNW1 plays a crucial role in the transcriptional processes related to the early development of EMN.
  • The study’s findings potentially present SNW1 as a promising marker for early detection of EMN through non-invasive methods and could lead to novel strategies for treatment and prevention of the disease.
  • Furthermore, the results of the study contribute to a better understanding of how EMN develops and operates, and could guide future research and therapeutic interventions for this common equine disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Vinijkumthorn R, Kingkaw A, Yanyongsirikarn P, Phaonakrop N, Roytrakul S, Vongsangnak W, Tesena P. (2024). Phosphorylation of SNW1 protein associated with equine melanocytic neoplasm identified in serum and feces. Sci Rep, 14(1), 30842. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81338-6

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 30842
PII: 30842

Researcher Affiliations

Vinijkumthorn, Ruethaiwan
  • Department of Clinical Science and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
Kingkaw, Amornthep
  • Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
Yanyongsirikarn, Petchpailin
  • Prasuarthon Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Equine Clinic, Mahidol University, Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
Phaonakrop, Narumon
  • Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
Roytrakul, Sittiruk
  • Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
Vongsangnak, Wanwipa
  • Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. wanwipa.v@ku.ac.th.
  • Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food, and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. wanwipa.v@ku.ac.th.
Tesena, Parichart
  • Department of Clinical Science and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand. parichart.tes@mahidol.edu.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Feces / chemistry
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
  • Skin Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Skin Neoplasms / blood
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Phosphorylation
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Melanoma / metabolism
  • Melanoma / veterinary
  • Melanoma / blood

Grant Funding

  • MU-SRF-RS-14A/66 / Mahidol University (MU's Strategic Research Fund): 2023
  • MU-SRF-RS-14A/66 / Mahidol University (MU's Strategic Research Fund): 2023
  • MU-SRF-RS-14A/66 / Mahidol University (MU's Strategic Research Fund): 2023
  • MU-SRF-RS-14A/66 / Mahidol University (MU's Strategic Research Fund): 2023
  • MU-SRF-RS-14A/66 / Mahidol University (MU's Strategic Research Fund): 2023
  • MU-SRF-RS-14A/66 / Mahidol University (MU's Strategic Research Fund): 2023
  • MU-SRF-RS-14A/66 / Mahidol University (MU's Strategic Research Fund): 2023

Conflict of Interest Statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulation, and the study was performed in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines. The research ethics was approved by the Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University-Institute Animal Care and Use Committee (FVS-MU-IACUC-Protocol No. MUVS-2020-12-62), Animal use license No. U1-3498-2545.

References

This article includes 42 references
  1. Smith S H, Goldschmidt M H, Mcmanus P M. A comparative review of melanocytic neoplasms.. Vet. Pathol. 39 (2002).
    pubmed: 12450197
  2. Moore J. Melanoma in horses: Current perspectives.. Equin Vet. Educ. 25, 144–151 (2013).
  3. Valentine B A. Equine melanocytic tumors: a retrospective study of 53 horses (1988–1991).. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 9, 291–297 (1995).
    pubmed: 8531173
  4. Tesena P. Faecal proteomics and functional analysis of equine melanocytic neoplasm in grey horses.. Vet. Sci. 9 (2), 94 (2022).
    pmc: PMC8875177pubmed: 35202347doi: 10.3390/vetsci9020094google scholar: lookup
  5. Gerritsen J S, White F M. Phosphoproteomics: A valuable tool for uncovering molecular signaling in cancer cells.. Exp. Rev. Proteom. 18, 8 (2021).
    pmc: PMC8628306pubmed: 34468274doi: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1976152google scholar: lookup
  6. Desser H, Niebauer G, Gebhart W. Polyamin-und Hisatmingehalt Im Blut Von pigmentierten, depigmentierten und melanomtragenden Lipizzanerpferden.. Z. f Veterinärmedizin Reihe A. 27, 45–53 (1980).
    pubmed: 6774520
  7. Lowry O, Roserough N, Farr A, Randall R. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent.. J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265–275 (1951).
    pubmed: 14907713
  8. Tyanova S, Temu T, Cox J. The MaxQuant computational platform for mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics.. Nat. Protoc. 11 (12), 2301–2319 (2016).
    pubmed: 27809316
  9. Howe E, Sinha R, Schlauch D, Quackenbush J. RNA-Seq analysis in MeV.. Bioinformatics 27, 3209–3210 (2011).
    pmc: PMC3208390pubmed: 21976420
  10. Kanehisa M, Goto S, Kawashima S, Okuno Y, Hattori M. The KEGG resource for deciphering the genome.. Nucleic Acids Res. 32, D277–D280 (2004).
    pmc: PMC308797pubmed: 14681412doi: 10.1093/nar/gkh063google scholar: lookup
  11. Bardou P, Mariette J, Escudié F, Djemiel C, Klopp C. Jvenn: An interactive Venn diagram viewer.. BMC Bioinform. 15, 293 (2014).
    pmc: PMC4261873pubmed: 25176396doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-15-293google scholar: lookup
  12. Kuhn M, von Mering C, Campillos M, Jensen L J, Bork P. STITCH: interaction networks of chemicals and proteins.. Nucl. Acids Res. .
    pmc: PMC2238848pubmed: 18084021doi: 10.1093/nar/gkm795google scholar: lookup
  13. P S, Stricker C, Joerg H, Dummer R, Stranzinger G. A comparative genetic approach for the investigation of ageing grey horse melanoma.. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 117, 73–82 (2000).
  14. Pellerin L, Carrie L, Dufau C, Nieto L, Ségui B, Levade T. Lipid metabolic reprogramming: Role in melanoma progression and therapeutic perspectives.. Cancers 12, 3147 (2020).
    pmc: PMC7692067pubmed: 33121001
  15. Naeem M A, Riazuddin S. GNAT1 associated with autosomal recessive congenital stationary night blindness.. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 53 (3) (2012).
    pmc: PMC3339909pubmed: 22190596doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8026google scholar: lookup
  16. Potter M J. Autoantibodies to transducin in a patient with melanoma-associated retinopathy.. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 134 (1) (2002).
    pubmed: 12095824doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(02)01431-9google scholar: lookup
  17. Lee E S, Kang W H, Jin Y H, Juhnn Y S. Expression of signal transducing G proteins in human melanoma cell lines.. Exp. Mol. Med. 29 (4) (1997).
    doi: 10.1038/emm.1997.34google scholar: lookup
  18. Johnston C A. Minimal determinants for binding activated Gα from the structure of a Gαil-peptide dimer.. Biochemistry 45 (38), 11390–11400 (2006).
    pmc: PMC2597383pubmed: 16981699doi: 10.1021/bi0613832google scholar: lookup
  19. Hara M. Kinesin participates in melanosomal movement along melanocyte dendrites.. J. Invest. Dermatol. 114 (3) (2000).
    pubmed: 10692101doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00894.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  20. Ishida M, Ohbayashi N, Fukuda M. Rab1A regulates anterograde melanosome transport by recruiting kinesin-1 to melanosomes through interaction with SKIP.. Sci. Rep. .
    pmc: PMC4316160pubmed: 25649263doi: 10.1038/srep08238google scholar: lookup
  21. Noguchi S. MicroRNA-203 regulates melanosome transport and tyrosinase expression in melanoma cells by targeting kinesin superfamily protein 5b.. J. Invest. Dermatol. 134(2) (2014).
    pubmed: 23884313doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.310google scholar: lookup
  22. Park J, Lee D H. Functional roles of protein phosphatase 4 in multiple aspects of cellular physiology: A friend and a foe.. BMB Rep. 5(4) (2020).
    pmc: PMC7196183pubmed: 32192570
  23. Li X. Structures and biological functions of zinc finger proteins and their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma.. Biomark. Res. 10 (1) (2022).
    pmc: PMC8744215pubmed: 35000617doi: 10.1186/s40364-021-00345-1google scholar: lookup
  24. Rakhra G. Zinc finger proteins: Insights into the transcriptional and post transcriptional regulation of immune response.. Mol. Biol. Rep. 48 (7) (2021).
    pmc: PMC8310398pubmed: 34304391doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06556-xgoogle scholar: lookup
  25. Zhang Q, Liang T, Gu S, Ye Y, Liu S. SNW1 interacts with IKKγ to positively regulate antiviral innate immune responses against influenza a virus infection.. Microb. Infect. 22 (10) (2020).
    pubmed: 32805409doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.07.009google scholar: lookup
  26. Baudino T A. Isolation and characterization of a novel coactivator protein, NCoA-62, involved in vitamin D-mediated transcription.. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (26) (1998).
    pubmed: 9632709doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.26.16434google scholar: lookup
  27. Leong G M. Ski-interacting protein interacts with smad proteins to augment transforming growth factor-β-dependent transcription.. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (21) (2001).
    pubmed: 11278756doi: 10.1074/jbc.m010815200google scholar: lookup
  28. Zhang C. Ternary complexes and cooperative interplay between NCoA-62/ ski-interacting protein and steroid receptor coactivators in vitamin D receptor-mediated transcription.. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (44) (2001).
    pubmed: 11514567doi: 10.1074/jbc.m106263200google scholar: lookup
  29. Zhou S. SKIP, a CBF1-associated protein, interacts with the ankyrin repeat domain of NotchIC to facilitate NotchIC function.. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (7) (2000).
    pmc: PMC85419pubmed: 10713164doi: 10.1128/mcb.20.7.2400-2410.2000google scholar: lookup
  30. Liu G. High SKIP expression is correlated with poor prognosis and cell proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma.. Med. Oncol. 30 (3) (2013).
    pubmed: 23696020doi: 10.1007/s12032-013-0537-4google scholar: lookup
  31. Wang L. SKIP expression is correlated with clinical prognosis in patients with bladder cancer.. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol. 7(4) (2014).
    pmc: PMC4014250pubmed: 24817966
  32. Liu X. Expression and prognostic role of SKIP in human breast carcinoma.. J. Mol. Histol. 45 (2) (2014).
    pubmed: 24150787doi: 10.1007/s10735-013-9546-zgoogle scholar: lookup
  33. Türkcü G. Comparison of SKIP expression in malignant pleural mesotheliomas with Ki-67 proliferation index and prognostic parameters.. Polish J. Pathol. 67(2) (2016).
    pubmed: 27543864doi: 10.5114/pjp.2016.61445google scholar: lookup
  34. Höflmayer D, Willich C, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Lang D, Neubauer E, Jacobsen F, Hinsch A, Luebke A M, Tsourlakis M C, Huland H, Graefen M, Haese A, Heinzer H, Minner S, Büscheck F, Sauter G, Schlomm T, Steurer S, Bernreuther C. SNW1 is a prognostic biomarker in prostate cancer.. Diagnostic Pathol. 14(1) (2019).
    pmc: PMC6495565pubmed: 31043167doi: 10.1186/s13000-019-0810-8google scholar: lookup
  35. Hakobyan S, Loeffler-Wirth H, Arakelyan A, Binder H, Kunz M. A transcriptome-wide isoform landscape of melanocytic nevi and primary melanomas identifies gene isoforms associated with malignancy.. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22 (13) (2021).
    pmc: PMC8268681pubmed: 34281234doi: 10.3390/ijms22137165google scholar: lookup
  36. Laduron S. MAGE-A1 interacts with adaptor SKIP and the deacetylase HDAC1 to repress transcription.. Nucl. Acids Res. 32 (14) (2004).
    pmc: PMC514365pubmed: 15316101doi: 10.1093/nar/gkh735google scholar: lookup
  37. Chen Y, Zhang L, Jones K A. SKIP counteracts p53-mediated apoptosis via selective regulation of p21 Cip1 mRNA splicing.. Genes Dev. 25(7), 701–716 (2011).
    pmc: PMC3070933pubmed: 21460037doi: 10.1101/gad.2002611google scholar: lookup
  38. Sato N, Maeda M, Sugiyama M, Ito S, Hyodo T, Masuda A, Tsunoda N, Kokuryo T, Hamaguchi M, Nagino M, Senga T. Inhibition of SNW1 association with spliceosomal proteins promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells.. Cancer Med. 4(2), 268–277 (2015).
    pmc: PMC4329010pubmed: 25450007
  39. Verma S, De Jesus P, Chanda S K, Verma I M. SNW1, a novel transcriptional regulator of the NF-κB pathway.. Mol. Cell. Biol. 39 (3) (2019).
    pmc: PMC6336138pubmed: 30397075doi: 10.1128/mcb.00415-18google scholar: lookup
  40. Barboric M. NF-κB binds P-TEFb to stimulate transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase II.. Mol. Cell. 8 (2001).
    pubmed: 11545735
  41. Eggermont A M M, Spatz A, Robert C. Cutaneous melanoma.. Lancet 383 (9919), 816–827 (2014).
    pubmed: 24054424doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60802-8google scholar: lookup
  42. Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing.. J. R Stat. Soc. Ser. B. 57 (1), 289–300 (1995).
    doi: 10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 0 times.
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,780 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.